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Транскраниальная электростимуляция в составе комбинированной терапии психических расстройств

Транскраниальная электростимуляция в составе комбинированной терапии психических расстройств

Авторы:
Дудина Анастасия Николаевна,
Лебедева Ирина Сергеевна

Журнал: Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2026;126(1):37-44.

DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202612601137

Прочитано: 1553 раза

Резюме

В клинической практике транскраниальная электростимуляция (ТЭС) часто используется как дополнение к другим методам лечения. Однако открытым остается вопрос, как влияет сочетание разных методов на общую эффективность терапии и насколько эффективной является ТЭС в сравнении с другими терапевтическими подходами. Был проведен поиск в базе данных PubMed за весь период времени до 04.04.2025 и систематический обзор результатов исследований согласно критериям протоколов PRISMA. На этапе первичного поиска включались статьи, посвященные терапии психических расстройств различными видами ТЭС в составе комбинированной терапии или в сравнении с терапией психофармакологическими препаратами, методами психотерапии, когнитивным тренингом. По запросу было получено 1689 публикаций, из которых в обзор включены 46. Анодная ТЭС левой дорсолатеральной префронтальной коры (ДЛПФК) остается наиболее исследованным методом ТЭС. Ее эффективность при депрессии, по всей видимости, сравнима с антидепрессантами в среднетерапевтических дозировках. Аугментация анодной ТЭС левой ДЛПФК терапии антидепрессантами, но не когнитивно-поведенческой терапии также продемонстрировала преимущество над монотерапией при нерезистентной депрессии. Анодная ТЭС левой ДЛПФК в комбинации с когнитивным тренингом при легком когнитивном расстройстве, вероятно, более эффективна, чем монотерапия только одним из методов. Остаются единичными работы как по отдельным нозологиям, так и по другим видам ТЭС. Ограничением многих исследований является маленький объем выборок. Таким образом, ТЭС представляется перспективным терапевтическим подходом, который может занять свое место в лечении психических расстройств, однако требуются дальнейшие исследования многообразия подходов ТЭС как при разных нозологиях, так и в различных комбинациях с другими методами лечения.

Ключевые слова

  • транскраниальная стимуляция
  • депрессия
  • легкое когнитивное расстройство
  • шизофрения
  • расстройства аутистического спектра
  • когнитивный тренинг
  • антидепрессанты
  • психотерапия

Дата поступления: 14.07.2025

Дата принятия в печать: 31.08.2025

Дата публикации: 09.02.2026

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