The global trends towards a decrease in cardiovascular mortality in the second decade of the 21st century, demonstrated in many studies, highlight the phenomenon of an increase in the prevalence of psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and in particular, such factors of psycho-emotional stress as depression and vital exhaustion. Analysis of large epidemiological studies has shown that decreased sleep quality is associated with a higher risk of stroke and an overall risk of CVD.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the gender-related features of associations of a high level of psychosocial risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (depression and vital exhaustion) and sleep quality in an open urban population.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted using a single protocol among males and females in the 25-64 age group for four decades of life in an open urban population (Tyumen). The indicators of sleep quality, depression, and vital exhaustion (VE) were studied according to the algorithms of the World Health Organization’s MONICA-MOPSY program.
RESULTS
In the open urban population, the frequency of detection of high levels of depression prevailed in young women of the third and fourth decades of life and high levels of VE in women of the third and men of the sixth decades of life. Regarding gender, good sleep quality in the open urban population is significantly more common in men, mainly in the third and fifth decades of life. In the presence of depression and VE, both men and women of the open urban population had adverse changes in sleep quality, more pronounced in those with a high level of VE.
CONCLUSION
The results of the sleep quality analysis in males and females in the age range, as well as the gender aspects of sleep quality associations with high levels of psychosocial risk factors, should be used in developing a preventive program to reduce high cardiovascular risk in an open urban population. The preventive program should focus primarily on the timely psychotherapeutic diagnosis of these conditions and their subsequent treatment.
