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Balan S.I.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Lomonosov Moscow State University

Belikova A.A.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Lomonosov Moscow State University

Komoltsev I.G.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Timokhova A.V.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry

Druzhkova T.A.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry

Talypov A.E.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine

Guekht A.B.

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Gulyaeva N.V.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Interleukin-6, cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor as biomarkers of the severity of traumatic brain injury and its complications in acute and long-term periods: results of a prospective study

Authors:

Balan S.I., Belikova A.A., Komoltsev I.G., Timokhova A.V., Druzhkova T.A., Talypov A.E., Guekht A.B., Gulyaeva N.V.

More about the authors

Journal: S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;125(12): 237‑243

DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2025125121237

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Table of contents

INTERLEUKIN-6, CORTISOL, AND BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AS BIOMARKERS OF THE SEVERITY OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND ITS COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE AND LONG-TERM PERIODS: RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
INTERLEUKIN-6, CORTISOL, AND BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR AS BIOMARKERS OF THE SEVERITY OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY AND ITS COMPLICATIONS IN ACUTE AND LONG-TERM PERIODS: RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

To cite this article:

Balan SI, Belikova AA, Komoltsev IG, et al. Interleukin-6, cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor as biomarkers of the severity of traumatic brain injury and its complications in acute and long-term periods: results of a prospective study. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;125(12):237‑243. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro2025125121237

Подписка 2026 Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова (S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
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Abstract:

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the relationship between the levels of interleukin (IL)-6 (a marker of inflammation), cortisol (a marker of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF, a key neurotrophic factor) in acute and long-term (after 1 month) periods of traumatic brain injury (TBI) with trauma characteristics, as well as neurological and mental disorders.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Analysis of data from a cohort longitudinal prospective study.

RESULTS

Changes over time in IL-6, cortisol, and BDNF levels during the 1 month after injury were described: IL-6 and cortisol decreased, while BDNF increased, reflecting mechanisms of primary injury and secondary recovery processes. In the acute period, levels of IL-6, cortisol, and BDNF correlated with the severity of the patient’s condition: low BDNF and high IL-6 and cortisol levels were associated with a more severe injury, as assessed by the Glasgow Coma Scale. An association between these markers and the presence of amnesia and abnormal EEG changes in the acute period of TBI was found.

CONCLUSION

IL-6, cortisol, and BDNF are important pathophysiological markers of TBI associated with both immediate features of TBI and its complications.

Keywords:

traumatic brain injury
prospective study
cortisol
interleukin-6
BDNF

Authors:

Balan S.I.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Lomonosov Moscow State University

Belikova A.A.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Lomonosov Moscow State University

Komoltsev I.G.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Timokhova A.V.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry

Druzhkova T.A.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry

Talypov A.E.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
N.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute for Emergency Medicine

Guekht A.B.

Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University

Gulyaeva N.V.

Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry;
Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Received:

26.09.2025

Accepted:

29.09.2025

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