Возрастные изменения иммунной системы и возникновение когнитивных расстройств при сосудистой деменции и болезни Альцгеймера

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Рассмотрены иммунные механизмы развития когнитивных нарушений. Проанализированы различные причинно-следственные связи возникновения иммунных и нейродегенеративных расстройств, в том числе при сосудистой деменции (СД) и болезни Альцгеймера (БА). Показано, что возрастная адаптивная перестройка иммунной системы приводит к тому, что лимфоцитарный иммунитет начинает функционировать в метастабильном состоянии. Отмечена важная роль иммунных факторов в развитии СД и БА. Сделан вывод о том, что патогенез нейродегенеративных заболеваний связан со снижением активности антител. Синтез цитокинов у стареющих животных в значительной степени снижается, что приводит к снижению уровня иммунного ответа клетки.

Ключевые слова:

когнитивные расстройства

Авторы:

Нувахова М.Б.

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр реабилитации и курортологии» Минздрава России

Рачин С.А.

ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П.Павлова» Минздрава России

Даты поступления:

04.11.2019

Даты принятия в печать:

09.04.2020

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