Atopic dermatitis and the role of zinc in maintaining skin barrier properties

Matushevskaya E.V.; Vladimirova E.V.; Svirshchevskaya E.V.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/klinderma202019031297

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Abstract:

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic recurrent disease that involves skin homeostasis, congenital and adaptive immune responses. In AD patients, asthma, allergic rhinitis and/or rhinoconjunctivitis, food allergies and hay fever are the most commonly reported comorbidities. The development of both AD and respiratory allergy is associated with a pronounced genetic predisposition. A genetic mutation unique to AP is found in 20—40% of patients in the philagrine gene, an important component of the epidermal barrier. Disruption of normal epidermal homeostasis is a key link in the pathogenesis of BP. One of the regulators of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation is zinc (Zn). It participates in more than 1000 enzymatic reactions and is associated with 10% of human body proteins. The Zn concentration in the epidermis is higher than in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. Reduced Zn in the epidermis due to nutritional deficiencies or genetic abnormalities in its transporters affect various enzymatic reactions, transcription activity and the function of a number of proteins, resulting in impaired skin homeostasis. The results of foreign and Russian clinical studies of pathogenesis and AD treatment are presented in the review. The key role of skin homeostasis disorders and local immune reactions in AP development is shown. The data on studying the role of Zn in the functioning of skin enzymes, as well as on the efficacy and safety of the preparation containing zinc pyrithione activated in the external therapy of AD in adults and children are considered.

Keywords:

atopic dermatitis

pathogenesis

therapy

activated zinc pyrithione

Authors:

Matushevskaya E.V.

Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA

ORCID: 0000-0003-4583-0617

Vladimirova E.V.

Academy of postgraduate education under Federal Research and Clinical Center of Specialized Medical Care and Medical Technologies FMBA of Russia

ORCID: 0000-0002-4123-4204

Svirshchevskaya E.V.

Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of bioorganic chemistry RAS

Received:

23.04.2020

Accepted:

20.05.2020

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