Novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and nervous system involvement: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, organization of neurological care

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Novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19, besides affecting the respiratory system, may lead to central and peripheral nervous system disorders and also cause muscular symptoms. The authors review the literature and own clinical case with respect to nervous system involvement in COVID-19 patients. There is a correlation between the severity of COVID-19 and the severity and frequency of neurologic complications. Severe neurologic symptoms are primarily observed in patients with severe COVID-19. Neurologic-associated symptoms may include stroke, acute necrotizing encephalopathy, and Guillen—Barre syndrome. Diseases that potentially aggravate COVID-19 and increase the risk of neurologic complications include arterial hypertension, diabetes, chronic diseases of the heart and respiratory system. The probable impact of human coronaviruses on chronic and progressive diseases of the nervous system with particular respect to multiple sclerosis is reviewed. A triage plan for stroke and MS patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, depending on the risk of coronavirus infection, is presented.

Keywords:

COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2

coronaviruses

nervous system

muscular system

stroke

multiple sclerosis

acute necrotizing encephalopathy

Guillen-Barre syndrome

Authors:

Gusev E.I.

Pirogov National Research Medical University

RSCI AuthorID: 91278
Scopus AuthorID: 35599379800
ORCID: 0000-0003-0742-6875

Martynov M.U.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnology of the Federal Medical Biological Agency

ORCID: 0000-0003-2797-7877

Boyko A.N.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency

SPIN RSCI: 9921-9109
Scopus AuthorID: 7102247663
ORCID: 0000-0002-2975-4151

Voznyuk I.A.

Latsh N.Yu.

Pirogov National Research Medical University

SPIN RSCI: 5019-3996
Scopus AuthorID: 57218193219
ORCID: 0000-0003-2826-0560

Sivertseva S.A.

Medical and Sanitary unit «Neftyanik»

ORCID: 0000-0002-9293-5932

Spirin N.N.

Yaroslavl State Medical University

RSCI AuthorID: 523232
Scopus AuthorID: 6603682550
ORCID: 0000-0001-9078-589X

Shamalov N.A.

Pirogov National Research Medical University;
Federal Center for Brain Research and Neurotechnologies

SPIN RSCI: 2865-9817
Scopus AuthorID: 6507183111
ORCID: 0000-0001-6250-0762

Received:

21.04.2020

Accepted:

30.04.2020

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