Acute and chronic inflammatory pathology of the pharynx is one of the most common conditions encountered by otolaryngologists and general practitioners. The relevance of this problem is determined not only by the significant decrease in patients’ ability to work and quality of life, but also by the risk of developing local and systemic complications. The wide range of etiologic factors initiating the development of inflammatory syndrome in the pharynx dictates the need for a careful approach to diagnosis and subsequent treatment of these conditions. Given the growing threat of the selection and spread of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, the principle of prudent limitation of the use of antiseptic and antimicrobial agents is increasingly being observed. This necessitates the search for a safe and effective drug that can relieve the main symptoms of inflammation, shorten the duration of the disease, and minimize the risk of developing purulent-septic complications. The authors of this article discuss the specifics of topical use of benzydamine hydrochloride, a selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, for acute pharyngitis and exacerbations of chronic tonsillopharyngitis. Based on an analysis of clinical trials of benzydamine hydrochloride, the authors conclude that topical application of the drug allows for rapid relief of pain and inflammation in the pharynx, and shortens recovery time for patients. Topical use of benzydamine eliminates the need for systemic NSAIDs, thereby avoiding the development of unpleasant complications. The authors provide a review of clinical cases confirming the reliability and safety of topical benzydamine hydrochloride.