BACKGROUND
Monitoring the dental morbidity of the child population in Chapayevsk indicates a trend towards an increase against the backdrop of ecological rehabilitation and improvement in somatic health.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the study is to identify the causes of the deterioration in the dental health of the child population of Chapayevsk.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Dental examination of 1134 children aged 2—4, 5—6, 7, 12, 15, and 18 years was conducted using the WHO methodology (2013), covering preschool and school educational organizations. The fluoride content in drinking water was determined by the potentiometric method according to GOST 4386-89 C.6. The study of children, by dentist, was conducted after obtaining informed voluntary consent from parents/guardians. The inclusion criterion for the study was the presence of informed consent, and the exclusion criteria were its absence. Indicators included in the EGOHIT evaluation system are analyzed. A survey of 187 teenagers aged 15, and 124 parents of children aged 2—7 years was conducted. Statistical processing of the obtained data was performed using the Statistica 6.0 For Windows application package.
RESULTS
Over 26 years, there has been a trend towards an increase in the prevalence of caries in deciduous teeth from 34% at age 2 to 82% by age 6 with an increase in dmf (decayed “d”, missing “m” and filled “f” teeth before the physiological change of baby teeth) from 1.9 to 5.24 respectively, and DMF (Decayed “D”, Missing “M” and Filled “F” permanent teeth) from 4.19 to 10.71. The prevalence of caries in permanent teeth increased from 25% in 6-year-old children to 88.8% in 18-year-olds, with an increase in DMF from 0.65 to 4.82, and the proportion of caries in the structure of dmf/ DMF ranges from 97% (2 years) to 64% (18 years). In assessing «actions» by EGOHIT criteria, which allow evaluating the reasons for shortcomings in the organization of dental care, it was found that its source is in the organization of self-care for dental care prevention or health habits, which could allow to exclude or minimize behavioral dental decay and dental illnesses risk factors in the family: 68% of parents and 47.6% of teenagers brush their teeth twice or more a day, and fluoride-containing paste is used in 28-33% of families. A comprehensive program for the prevention of dental diseases among the population is not being implemented.
CONCLUSION
The need to develop a comprehensive program for dental diseases for the child population of the city based on the analysis of the situation and WHO recommendations is substantiated.
