This is a case study of a rare lung tumor — endobronchial hamartoma in a 69-year-old patient complicated by postobstructive changes: segmental atelectasis, bronchiectasis, chronic bronchitis, and focal pneumonia. The differential diagnosis was conducted between central lung cancer of the lower lobe of the left lung and carcinoid without morphological confirmation of the diagnosis. The optimal volume of surgical treatment was chosen — left lower lobectomy with wedge resection of the upper lobe and main bronchi, ensuring the radical nature of the operation for any type of endobronchial tumor. Histological examination of the surgical material confirmed the diagnosis of «lipomatous hamartoma of the bronchus.» There were no postoperative complications.