Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are an important socio-demographic problem worldwide. Numerous studies demonstrated that extragenital manifestations of STIs (involvement of the oropharynx, eye conjunctiva, anal region, etc.) emphasize the relevance of STIs. In our country, the lack of extended testing for STIs is due to the lack of awareness of specialists about the socio-demographic and behavioral features that require examining women for STIs with testing samples from both urogenital and extragenital loci. STIs are particularly important for women due to the risk of severe reproductive complications (infertility, ectopic pregnancy, infection of newborns). Literature data indicate that STIs in women are often asymptomatic. Therefore, it is relevant to identify the features of the clinical course and study the correlation of clinical symptoms of extragenital STIs with the pathogen load. Similar studies of genital STIs have established an association between the high load of C. trachomatis and repeated chlamydial rectal infection in a group of men who have sex with men (MSM). However, the literature shows that no such studies have been conducted on females. There are differences in the treatment choice for genital and extragenital STIs, while inadequate treatment can lead to relapse and resistance emergence. In the Russian Federation, the treatment of extragenital STIs is similar to genital STIs, which is inconsistent with international approaches to such clinical situations.