Correlation between the plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-1α, AND IL-8 and acne vulgaris severity

Close metadata

BACKGROUND

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disease caused by several factors, including skin inflammation and Propiobacterium acnes, which can activate the immune response to secrete proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1α, and IL-8.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to determine the correlation between the plasma levels of TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-8 and acne vulgaris severity.

METHODS

The study was performed by using cross-section observational in Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang, Indonesia. The study subjects were collected by consecutive sampling from the Polyclinic Skin and Genital Health of Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital Malang. The severity of acne vulgaris was determined based on the combine acne severity classification (CASC) and the plasma level of TNF-α, IL1-α, and IL-8. The analysis was performed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The study included 78 patients (47.43% men and 52.54% women) with acne vulgaris.

RESULTS

The patients’ ages were between 13–35 years old; there was an insignificant difference between age and acne vulgaris severity (p=0.000). Moreover, there was an insignificant difference between gender and acne vulgaris severity (p=0.149). The insignificant difference also demonstrated between TNF-α (r= –0.088; p=0.925), IL-1α (r=0.158; p=0.168), or IL-8 (r=0.07; p=0.952) and acne vulgaris severity was observed.

CONCLUSION

It concluded that levels of TNF-α, IL1-α, and IL-8 are not significantly correlated with acne vulgaris severity.

Keywords:

Acne vulgaris

IL-1α

IL-8

TNF-α

Authors:

Prawitasari S.

Brawijaya University;
Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital

Sugiman T.

Brawijaya University;
Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital

Widiatmoko A.

Brawijaya University;
Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital

Ekasari D.P.

Brawijaya University;
Dr. Saiful Anwar Regional General Hospital

Received:

09.05.2022

Accepted:

26.11.2022

List of references:

Rzany B, Kahl C. Epidemiology of acne vulgaris. J Dtsch Ges. 2006;4:8-9. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.12149
Oberemok SS, Shalita AR. Acne vulgaris, I: Pathogenesis and diagnosis. Cutis. 2002;70(2):101-106.
Dessinioti C, Katsambas AD. The role of Propionobacterium acnes in acne pathogenesis: facts and controversies. Clin Dermatol. 2010;28(1):2-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2009.03.012
Simonart T. Immunotherapy for acne vulgaris: Current status and future directions. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2013;14(6):429-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-013-0042-8
Tanghetti EA. The role of inflammation in the pathology of acne. J Clin Aesth Dermatol. 2013;6(9):27-35.
Nagy I, Pivarcsi A, Koreck A, Szell M, Urban E, Kemeny L. Distinct strains of Propionibacterium acnes induce selective human β-defensin-2 and interleukin-8 expression in human keratinocyte through Toll-like receptors. J Invest Dermatol. 2005;124(5):931-938. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-202X.2005.23705.x
Ghoname NF, Amin AM, Ismail MA, Shaaban DM, Hassan AM. Expression of Toll-Like Receptor- 2, Human β -Defensin-2 and Interleukin-8 in Inflammatory Acne Vulgaris. Egypt J Med Microbiol. 2008;17:339-346.
Vlahopoulos S, Boldogh I, Casola A, Brasier AR. Nuclear Factor-kB — Dependent induction of interleukin-8 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor α: evidence for an antioxidant sensitive activating pathway distinct from nuclear translocation. Blood. 1999;94(6):1878-1889.
Szabo K, Tax G, Teodorescu-Brinzeu D, Koreck A, Kemeny L. TNF-α gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. Arch Dermatol Research. 2011;303(1):19-27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00403-010-1050-7
Hussain S, Iqbal T, Sadiq I, Feroz S, Safique SH. Polymorphism in the IL-8 gene promoter and the risk of acne vulgaris in A Pakistani population. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2015;14(4):1-8.
Anwar AI, Agusni I, Massi MN, Yusuf I. The immunogenetic analysis of acne vulgaris. Science Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2013;2(2):58-63. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjcm.20130202.15
Cappel M, Mauger D, Thiboutot D. Correlation between serum levels in insulin-like growth factor-1, dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and dihydrotestosterone and acne lesion counts in adult women. Arch Dermatology. 2005;141(3):333-338. https://doi.org/10.1001/archderm.141.3.333
Bakri S, Anwar AA, Djawad K, Nasrum M. Perbandingan kadar interleukin-8 lokal dan sistemik pada acne vulgaris berat [Comparison of local and systemic interleukin-8 levels in severe acne vulgaris]. Master Thesis. Makassar: Hasanuddin Univeristy; 2010.
Lehmann HP, Robinson KA, Andrews JS. 2002. Acne therapy: A metodologic review. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2002;47(2):231-240. https://doi.org/10.1067/mjd.2002.120912
Yentzer BA, Hick J, Reese EL, Uhas A, Feldman SR, Balkrishnan R. Acne vulgaris in the United States: A descriptive epidemiology. Cutis. 2010;86(2): 94-99.
Adityan B, Kumari R, Thappa DM. Scoring systems in acne vulgaris. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2009;75(3):323-326. https://doi.org/10.4103/0378-6323.51258
Ewadh MJ, Shemran KA, Al-Hamdany KJ. The correlation of some hormones with acne vulgaris. Int J Sci Nat. 2011;2(4):713-717.
Zeichner JA, Baldwin HE, Cook-Bolden FE, Eichenfield LF, Friedlander SF, Rodriguez DA. Emerging issues in adult female acne. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2017;10(1):37-46.
Hasan HA, Ibrahim AI. Risk factors that are associated with interleukin-8 level in Iraqi asthmatic patients. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2013;6:245-248.
De Lorenzo A, Del Gobbo V, Premrov MG, Bigioni M, Galvano M, Di Renzo L. Normal-weight obese syndrome: Early inflammation? Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:40-45. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/85.1.40
Silvestri M, Bontempelli M, Giacomelli M, Malerba M, Rossi GA, Di Stefano A, Rossi A, Ricciardolo FLM. High serum levels of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-8 in severe asthma: markers of systemic inflammation?. Clin Exp Allergy. 2006;36(11):1373-1381. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02502.x
Ingham E, Eady EA, Goodwin CE, Cove JH, Cunliffe WJ. Pro-inflammatory levels of interleukin-1α- like bioactivity are present in the majority of open comedones in acne vulgaris. J Invest Dermatol. 1992;98(6):895-901. https://doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12460324

Close metadata