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Tikhonovsky A.A.

Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology

Phantom pain syndrome. History, pathophysiology and treatment

Authors:

Tikhonovsky A.A.

More about the authors

Journal: Russian Journal of Pain. 2025;23(4): 60‑70

DOI: 10.17116/pain20252304160

Read: 962 times

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Table of contents

PHANTOM PAIN SYNDROME. HISTORY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT
PHANTOM PAIN SYNDROME. HISTORY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND TREATMENT

To cite this article:

Tikhonovsky AA. Phantom pain syndrome. History, pathophysiology and treatment. Russian Journal of Pain. 2025;23(4):60‑70. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/pain20252304160

Подписка 2025 Российский журнал боли (Russian Journal of Pain)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
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Abstract:

OBJECTIVE

To analyze literature data on history of phantom pain syndrome, pathogenetic mechanisms and treatment.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

We reviewed the eLibrary, PubMed, Google Scholar, CyberLeninka and Cochrane Library databases, as well as electronic catalog of the Russian State Library. Analysis included reports from various periods with significant results for understanding phantom pain syndrome and articles with historical value.

RESULTS

The first mention of phantom pain syndrome dates back to the 16th century, but pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this pain syndrome continue to be clarified. Difficulties in selecting the effective treatment are largely due to involvement of numerous structures of peripheral and central nervous systems in pathogenesis of phantom pain. Various treatment methods are not always able to relieve patients of phantom pain.

CONCLUSION

Current pathophysiological concepts of origin and chronic transformation of phantom pain syndrome indicate the need for medicinal and non-medicinal treatments to achieve favorable outcomes.

Keywords:

phantom pain syndrome
chronic pain
amputation
post-amputation pain
central sensitization

Authors:

Tikhonovsky A.A.

Research Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology

Received:

06.10.2025

Accepted:

16.10.2025

Close metadata

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