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L.M. Mikhaleva

Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia

E.L. Nikonov

FGBU "Poliklinika #1" Upravleniia delami Prezidenta RF

S.G. Shapoval’yants

Department of Hospital Surgery №2 with the research laboratory of surgical gastroenterology and endoscopy, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Journal: Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2019;8(2): 50–72

Epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis. The latest data

Authors:

L.M. Mikhaleva, E.L. Nikonov, S.G. Shapoval’yants

More about the authors

DOI: 10.17116/dokgastro2019802150

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Mikhaleva LM, Nikonov EL, Shapoval’yants SG. Epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis. The latest data. Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2019;8(2):50‑72. (In Russ., In Engl.).
https://doi.org/10.17116/dokgastro2019802150

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Objective — to report the modern statements regarding epidemiology, etiology and pathogenesis of eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). Main statements. Eosinophilic esophagitis is an insufficiently studied disease of the esophagus. Pathogenesis of disease is based on predisposition to the development of immune response through activation of T-helper 2 cells. These cells express an extremely active group of cytokines after contact with exogenous allergens. High concentration of Th2-cytokines in esophageal mucosa is followed by eosinophilic infiltration of entire esophageal wall (from proximal to distal parts), chronic inflammation in epithelium and lamina propria of esophageal mucosa and submucosal fibrosis. Conclusion. EoE is a chronic Th2-associated disease of the esophagus, characterized by severe eosinophilic inflammation of esophageal mucosa and submucosal fibrosis. Clinical symptoms are caused by esophageal dysfunction (vomiting, gagging, refusing food in children and dysphagia in adolescents and adults).

Keywords:

eosinophilic esophagitis
esophageal eosinophilia
T-helpers 2 cells
dysphagia

Authors:

L.M. Mikhaleva

Research Institute of Human Morphology, Moscow, Russia

E.L. Nikonov

FGBU "Poliklinika #1" Upravleniia delami Prezidenta RF

S.G. Shapoval’yants

Department of Hospital Surgery №2 with the research laboratory of surgical gastroenterology and endoscopy, N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

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