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Длиннолатентные слуховые вызванные потенциалы как биомаркеры созревания центральных отделов слуховой системы у детей в норме и при патологии: обзор литературы

Длиннолатентные слуховые вызванные потенциалы как биомаркеры созревания центральных отделов слуховой системы у детей в норме и при патологии: обзор литературы

Авторы:
Елизавета Станиславовна Щеглова,
Газиз Шарифович Туфатулин

Журнал: Вестник оториноларингологии. 2026;91(2):84-96.

DOI: 10.17116/otorino20269102184

Прочитано: 662 раза

Резюме

В настоящее время растет актуальность изучения центральной слуховой системы и ее созревания. Перспективной методикой исследования является регистрация длиннолатентных слуховых вызванных потенциалов (ДСВП), применяемая при как диагностике нарушений слуховой функции, так и оценке эффективности слухопротезирования и кохлеарной имплантации.

ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

Выполнить обзор и систематизацию литературы, посвященной изучению ДСВП как биомаркеров созревания центральной слуховой системы у детей в норме и при патологии.

МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ

Проведен поиск литературы по ключевым словам в базах данных PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, eLibrary.ru.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ

В соответствии с критериями в обзор включено 86 источников. У здоровых детей латентность компонентов ДСВП постепенно уменьшается с возрастом, что связано с созреванием центральных слуховых путей. При патологии слуха, недоношенности, речевых, некоторых неврологических расстройствах наблюдаются увеличение латентности и изменение морфологии коркового ответа. При эффективной и ранней коррекции слуха наблюдается «созревание» компонентов ДСВП, приближение их значений к возрастным нормам.

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ

Длиннолатентные слуховые вызванные потенциалы являются достоверным биомаркером созревания центральной слуховой системы у детей в норме, при патологии и на фоне коррекции слуха.

Ключевые слова

  • длиннолатентные слуховые вызванные потенциалы
  • ДСВП
  • биомаркеры
  • нейропластичность
  • созревание слуховой коры

Дата поступления: 12.08.2025

Дата принятия в печать: 11.11.2025

Дата публикации: 12.05.2026

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