The stages of the 60-year period of scientific research in the X-ray department of Central Research Institute of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery. The research work was carried out in parallel with the improvement of X-ray diagnostics in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery based on the use of modern specialized X-ray equipment: panoramic radiography of the jaws, linear and panoramic zonography of the maxillofacial region, CT and CBCT of facial bones. For many decades, the department has been developing methodological and organizational foundations for X-ray examination of patients, conducted a comparative assessment of the informative value of X-ray techniques, studied the radiographic features of inflammatory, traumatic, tumor, tumor-like, congenital, post-traumatic and systemic pathological processes in the dental system and maxillofacial region.