Dental anomalies and deformities belong to the group of major dental diseases and are characterized by high prevalence. To reduce the incidence of dental anomalies, early detection of risk factors is necessary. Objective: to study the effect of individual risk factors on the development of anomalies in the dental-maxillary system during the period of early interchangeable bite. It was established that in the period of early replaceable bite, risk factors for development were found in 54.24% of the examined children. To assess the degree of influence of various factors on the development of anomalies in the dental system in children, absolute, relative, and attributive risk values were calculated for 254 children of 7 years old. The absolute risk of the occurrence of dental anomalies in children with artificial and early mixed feeding was 79.16%, and the absolute risk in children with natural feeding was 64.6%. The relative risk of tooth-jaw anomalies in children with artificial and early mixed feeding was 2.08. Attributable risk — 28.55%. For effective preventive measures, the group of controlled risk factors is of the greatest interest. These are factors that can be eliminated, weaken or increase the resistance of the child’s body to their action. Eliminating the bad habits of sucking fingers and various items, the risk of anomalies in the dental system is reduced by 20.38%. Introduction to the diet of tough food reduces the likelihood of development of dental-maxillary anomalies in children by 16.86%. Thus, the studied risk factors influence the formation of the dental system.