Objective. To study the eating behavior of first-trimester pregnancy women followed up at an antenatal clinic. Subjects and methods. Two hundred pregnant women from Ivanovo were interviewed using a specially developed questionnaire. Results. The performed study has demonstrated that many women comply with dietary guidelines, consume moderate amounts of sugars, limit sweet drinks, use vegetable oil when cooking, eat fruits and vegetables daily, which provides a pregnant woman with sufficient amounts of macro- and micronutrients essential for fetal development and at the same time prevents excessive female weight gain, fetal macrosomia, and hence pregnancy, labor, and perinatal complications. However, more than 50% of the pregnant women fail to follow the interval between their last meal and sleep and usually add common salt into prepared dishes, which is a risk factor of fat and carbohydrate metabolic disturbances and arterial hypertension and gives rise to complicated pregnancy and poor perinatal outcomes. Conclusion. Eating behavior cannot be recognized optimal in the majority of pregnant women. In this connection, a physician must assess a pregnant woman's eating behavior and give recommendations for its modification, beginning with early pregnancy.