A comparative analysis of the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg enables the assessment of the effectiveness of regional preventive programs, identification of trends, and improvement of organizational measures against the disease. To date, the trends of the prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus in St. Petersburg have not been studied in detail.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the prevalence and incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the working-age population of St. Petersburg for 2011-2023 and to determine the regional specificity in comparison with the all-Russian trend.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The incidence rates of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the working-age population in St. Petersburg and the Russian Federation from 2011 to 2023 were calculated. Incidence rates of diabetes mellitus were predicted with the coefficient of determination.
RESULTS
Between 2011 and 2023, the prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in the working-age population of St. Petersburg consistently remained higher than the Russian average, despite a lower increase (+18.6% vs. +26.1%). In St. Petersburg, there was a multidirectional trend in the incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, with consistently higher levels compared to all-Russian levels (except for 2013); however, the increase was negative (–30.7%), whereas on average in Russia, there was a slight increase (+0.8%). In St. Petersburg, despite a lower prevalence of type 2 diabetes, a higher increase was observed compared to the Russian average (+54.4% vs. +34.0%). The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the St. Petersburg population of working age was lower than the average in Russia, but the increase was higher (+39.5% compared to +28.9%).
CONCLUSION
The regional differences of the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the St. Petersburg working-age population included a higher prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus, as well as a significant increase in both the prevalence and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to all-Russian rates. The data obtained emphasize the need to consider region-specific features when planning and implementing preventive and therapeutic measures in St. Petersburg.
