Hedonistic polyphagia as a cause of obesity: when the brain does not control the body

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Obesity is the result of an interplay of genetic, epigenetic, psychological, social and many other factors. The main cause of obesity is the consumption of excess calories in excess of the body’s energy expenditure. Food intake is regulated by two complementary factors: homeostatic and hedonic pathways. The homeostatic pathway is activated in conditions of depleted energy reserves, increasing the motivation to eat. The pleasure-based hedonic mechanism increases food intake during energy periods, in extreme cases causing an addiction-like state. The article discusses the mechanisms of food intake regulation, their interaction, evidence of food addiction and the reasons for the increased role of hedonic appetite regulation in the obesity epidemic.

Keywords:

obesity

energy homeostasis

hedonic hunger

food addiction

reward system

Authors:

Kim O.T.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine

Dadaeva V.A.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine;
Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba

ORCID: 0000-0002-0348-4480

Eliashevich S.O.

National Medical Research Centre of Therapy and Preventive Medicine

ORCID: 0000-0003-0143-0849

Drapkina O.M.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine;
A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

SPIN RSCI: 4456-1297
Scopus AuthorID: 57208852308
ResearcherID: G-8443-2016
ORCID: 0000-0002-4453-8430

Received:

11.01.2022

Accepted:

08.02.2022

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