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Volynets G.V.
Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery — Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Potapov A.S.
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Skvortsova T.A.
Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery — Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Health Department
Sergeenko E.Yu.
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Voyno-Yasenetsky Research and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children
Nikitin A.V.
Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery — Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Health Department
Modern view on the etiology of gallstone disease in children
Journal: Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2024;13(4): 59‑68
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To cite this article:
Volynets GV, Potapov AS, Skvortsova TA, Sergeenko EYu, Nikitin AV. Modern view on the etiology of gallstone disease in children. Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology.
2024;13(4):59‑68. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/dokgastro20241304159
The incidence of gallstone disease (GSD) in children has been rising in recent decades, largely due to both genetic predispositions and environmental factors, including diet, medication use, and comorbidities.
To provide an overview of the current understanding of the pathogenesis of gallstone disease in children, with a focus on genetic predispositions, risk factors, and their influence on disease progression.
Cholesterol stone formation is linked to genetic mutations that impair cholesterol and phospholipid metabolism, particularly mutations in the ABCG5, ABCG8, and ABCB4 genes. These mutations hinder cholesterol excretion from bile, facilitating stone formation. Additionally, external factors such as obesity, high-fat diets, and parenteral nutrition in children with intestinal failure contribute significantly to GSD pathogenesis. Cholesterol stones are more prevalent in children with a high body mass index, while children with chronic conditions like hyperinsulinism and cystic fibrosis are at increased risk of stone formation.
GSD in children is a polyetiological condition in which genetic predisposition plays a crucial role. However, environmental factors, including diet and medications, substantially influence the risk of stone formation. Early identification of risk factors and preventive interventions can help reduce the incidence of GSD complications in children.
Authors:
Volynets G.V.
Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery — Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University
Potapov A.S.
National Medical Research Center for Children’s Health;
Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
Skvortsova T.A.
Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery — Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Health Department
Sergeenko E.Yu.
Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Voyno-Yasenetsky Research and Practical Center for Specialized Medical Care for Children
Nikitin A.V.
Veltischev Research Clinical Institute of Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery — Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University;
Morozov Children’s City Clinical Hospital, Moscow City Health Department
Received:
10.08.2024
Accepted:
11.10.2024
List of references:
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