Obesity genetics: current state of the problem

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Overweight and obesity are an important public health problem that affects 40% of the world’s adult population. Obesity is defined using body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), which is used as a measure of the distribution of body fat. Identification of genetic determinants associated with BMI and WHR can contribute to a better understanding of the biological basis of obesity and predicting the risk of its development using genetic diagnostics, and, consequently, to improve measures to prevent its occurrence. The purpose of this review is to briefly review the main modern studies of genetic factors of obesity, such as the study of monogenic forms of obesity, genome-wide search for associations, analysis of the contribution of rare variants to the development of obesity, and the development of scales of genetic risk.

Keywords:

obesity

GWAS

genetic risk scale

BMI

WHR

Authors:

Kiseleva A.V.

FSI «National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Meshkov A.N.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine

Ershova A.I.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine

Sotnikova E.A.

FSI «National Medical Research Center for Preventive Medicine» of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation

Ivanova A.A.

Federal Scientific Clinical Center for Children and Adolescents

ORCID: 0000-0003-1493-8481

Smetnev S.A.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine

Limonova A.S.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine

Drapkina O.M.

National Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine;
A.I. Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry

SPIN RSCI: 4456-1297
Scopus AuthorID: 57208852308
ResearcherID: G-8443-2016
ORCID: 0000-0002-4453-8430

Received:

23.08.2021

Accepted:

28.10.2021

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