Type 2 diabetes mellitus that comes from insulin resistance and deficit of insulin secretion has recently been described as associated with reduced incretin effect. The efficiency of traditional hypoglycemic therapy (metformin, secretagogues, glitazones, insulin) gradually decreases due to progressive loss of functioning beta-cell mass. The achievement of target blood glucose levels for the prevention of complications and cardiovascular pathology as a rule leads to such adverse events as increased body weight and hypoglycemia. The search for an «ideal» drug included the study and the use of incretin effect in DM2 patients. Liralglutide, the first analog of human glucagon-like peptide (GPP-1), is an innovative preparation with the desired properties the action of which is not confined to traditional hypoglycemic effects and improvement of glycemic control (as many as 65% of the patients have the targeted HbA1c level <7% at a minimal risk of hypoglycemia). It also prevents a rise in body weight, decreases arterial pressure and trigyceride levels, improves beta-cell function. This paper reports the first experience with clinical application of liraglutide (marketed in this country under commercial name Victosa since November 2010) for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Our data confirm results of the randomized placebo-controlled clinical study LEAD 1-6.