Application of two-dimensional X-ray studies in asymmetric deformations of the maxillofacial region

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BACKGROUND

Transversal anomalies of the maxillofacial region (MFR) of a person are common and significantly affect its aesthetics and functions. One of the most valuable methods of studying MFR is X-ray. Currently, three-dimensional analysis methods are becoming more widespread, but two-dimensional cephalograms have a number of advantages, such as: low radiation dose and a variety of cephalometric diagnostic methods that have proven their effectiveness in analyzing vertical and horizontal malocclusion.

Therefore, the question arises about the diagnostic value of these methods for assessing transversal anomalies of the maxillofacial region, which makes this work relevant.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of the study is to review the available literature on the possibilities of using two-dimensional X-ray examinations for asymmetric deformations of the CR.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

An analysis of 85 scientific publications was carried out: 36 domestic and 49 foreign in the information and scientific systems PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, e-library, describing methods for diagnosing transversal anomalies in dental practice. The search was carried out by keywords: asymmetric anomalies, cephalometric analysis, orthodontics, transversal deformities of the MFR, cephalometry, maxillofacial anomalies, direct TRG, lateral TRG, craniometry, CBCT. The last selection of sources was completed in August 2024.

RESULTS

The analysis of literary sources was carried out, the exclusion criteria of which were: inconsistency with the subject of the study, lack of a full-text version of the study, completeness of the information presented. After the inclusion of studies that did not meet the sampling criteria, the team of authors performed appropriate illustrations to the described methods of cephalometric analysis. A review of the bibliographic data on obtaining cephalometric parameters on two-dimensional X-ray images revealed a limitation in the possibility of their application for practical purposes due to the fragmentary nature of these studies.

CONCLUSION

The conclusion is formulated about the need for further study and improvement of available techniques for patients with asymmetric deformities of the maxillofacial region.

Keywords:

asymmetric anomalies

cephalometric analysis

orthodontics

transversal deformities of the MFR

cephalometry

maxillofacial anomalies

straight TRG

lateral TRG

craniometry

CBCT

Authors:

Ayupova I.O.

Samara State Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0002-5448-4245

Makhota A.Yu.

Samara State Medical University

ORCID: 0009-0008-9490-7928

Popov N.V.

Samara State Medical University

ORCID: 0000-0003-4454-984X

Davidyuk M.A.

University of the People

ORCID: 0000-0002-7259-6806

Ayupov O.N.

Medical University «Reaviz»

ORCID: 0009-0001-8672-2172

Tiunova N.V.

Lobachevsky National Research State University

ORCID: 0000-0001-9881-6574

Yanova N.A.

Lobachevsky National Research State University

ORCID: 0000-0002-3436-5150

Goldobina P.V.

Lobachevsky National Research State University

ORCID: 0000-0002-9555-5839

Vladimirova V.G.

Lobachevsky National Research State University

ORCID: 0009-0004-1821-8160

Received:

02.09.2024

Accepted:

10.10.2024

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