Kaposi’s varicelliform eruption (KVE) is a disseminated herpesvirus infection, complicating chronic dermatoses with erosive ulcerative skin lesions in young children, less often in adolescents and adults, and developing due to immunity disorders. This article addresses the historical aspects of KVE. Current views on KVE epidemiology, etiology, and pathogenesis, including immune system dysfunction in patients with atopic dermatitis with decreased T-cell function, S. aureus skin colonization, and genetic mutations associated with herpes simplex virus infection in atopic dermatitis with a history of recurrent KVE, are described. KVE is a rare complication of atopic dermatitis, despite the wide spread of this dermatosis in the children’s population and the high prevalence of infection with the herpes simplex virus. KVE develops in patients with a particular phenotype of atopic dermatitis due to many external and internal factors and the complex relationship between the skin and the immune system. A clinical case of atopic dermatitis in an infant, complicated by KVE, with concurrent respiratory viral infection with fever, was presented. Complex therapy of KVE in the presented patient was successful.