ABSTRACT We outlined present-day knowledge on certain aspects of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) and modern conceptual approach to the strategy and tactics of treatment described in the Federal Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Society of Dermatovenerologists and Cosmetologists. Current data on treatment using topical calcineurin inhibitors and information on the active anti-inflammatory effect of tacrolimus (0.03 and 0.1% ointment) are provided. Characteristics of Russian 0.03% and 0.1% tacrolimus ointment are provided and its advantages are described. The results of therapy of AD patients with this drug both as a monotherapy and as a part of complex therapy are reported. The integrated experience of using tacrolimus ointment in therapy of moderate to severe AD symptoms is indicative of its pronounced positive effect. The article describes the cases of effective application of the Russian ointment (0.03 and 0.1% tacrolimus ointment) with modified basis in children and adults with acute and subacute inflammatory manifestations of the disease. Good tolerability of the drug product, as well as the absence of serious adverse events and complications, was noted. This experience suggests that tacrolimus can be recommended for a wide-spread clinical application to optimize topical therapy of AD patients.