Abstract According to statistical data, every third cardiac patient has arrhythmias. Depressive and anxiety disturbances are the most common mental disorders in patients with arrhythmias. Scientists have identified various mechanisms of the influence of anxiety disorders on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. One of these mechanisms is impaired flexibility of the autonomic nervous system and subsequent impairment of adaptive potential. The relationship between the nature of rhythm and conduction disturbances and severity of anxiety was demonstrated. The researchers clearly showed that anger and hostility significantly increase the likelihood of atrial fibrillation, while patient’s subjective plan for experiencing the disease and personality traits affect quality of life. Thus, we can conclude that anxiety and depressive disorders are both the cause and consequence of cardiac arrhythmias.