OBJECTIVE

Evaluation of the effectiveness of diagnostic laparoscopy in patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal organs.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This paper presents the experience of diagnostics and treatment of the most common acute abdominal pathologies using video laparoscopic technique. The analysis of the treatment of 5025 patients admitted to the surgical department of the Rostov State Medical University in Rostov-on-Don with suspected acute abdominal pathology for the period from 2012 to 2020 was carried out. The patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy due to the ineffectiveness of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics.

RESULTS

When performing diagnostic laparoscopy in 3445 (68.4%) patients, the preoperative diagnosis was confirmed. In 1580 (31.4%) patients, a new pathology was identified, including not only acute surgical conditions (11.7%), but also gastrointestinal and gynecological diseases (19.6%). After intraoperative verification of the diagnosis, the required amount of surgical intervention was performed, depending on the pathology, also using video-laparoscopic techniques.

CONCLUSION

The introduction of laparoscopy into the diagnostic stage of examination in patients with abdominal pathology made it possible to identify diseases other than those previously assumed (preliminary diagnosis) in 31.4% of cases. Establishing an accurate diagnosis in the shortest possible time, timely treatment contribute to the rapid rehabilitation of patients, reducing the length of stay in the hospital, and reducing the cost of treatment.