A study was made of the structure of mortality of the population of the Penza region from diseases of the liver and biliary tract in 2021—2022. Data on registered deaths were analyzed, the main cause of which was non-tumor diseases of the liver and biliary tract (excluding hepatitis B, C). Statistical calculations were carried out using the STATISTICA program. Between April 2021 and April 2022, 285 deaths from diseases of the liver and biliary tract were identified. The proportion of the male population prevails over the female and is 57.5%. The largest number of deaths occurs in persons aged 45 to 59 years, the smallest — in people over the age of 90 years. There were no deaths from diseases of the liver and bile ducts among minors. Among the initial causes of death in the studied sample, cirrhosis of the liver (K74.6) is in the lead — 75.4%, in second place are gallbladder stones with acute cholecystitis (K80.0) — 4.9%, then — chronic hepatitis (K73.8) — 4.2%. The categories of the population that are at risk for mortality from diseases of the liver and biliary tract have been identified. Among males, the risk group is people aged 45—59 years, among women — 18—44 years. The risk of death among men is 14% higher than among women. The most likely cause of death is cirrhosis of the liver (the terminal stage of chronic liver pathology).