Modern clinical anatomy must consider the needs of practical medicine. Thus, clinical anatomy of the face is developing today in close connection with plastic and reconstructive surgery as well as cosmetology. The depth of placement of certain anatomical structures, primarily the main vessel and nerve trunks, is one of the most important aspects of clinical anatomy in order to avoid their injury during the procedure. The article presents a study of the thickness of soft tissue layers (skin, subcutaneous and deep adipose tissue, superficial muscular aponeurotic system) of the buccal region in the projection of the mandibular body performed both on biomaterial by classical dissection and in patients using in vivo ultrasound imaging. The anatomical part of the study was carried out at the Multidisciplinary Accreditation and Simulation Center of the Yu.M. Lopukhin Institute of Anatomy and Morphology of the N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University with the support of the Medical Institute of Additional Education. The study involved dissection of 42 head bioblocks of human origin (frozen non-transplant biological material) certified by the American Association of Tissue Banks. An ultrasound examination was performed in 40 patients at the «MC Capital-Zdorovye» clinic using Venue Go GE device, L8—18 sensor. As a result, data on tissue thickness considering postmortem changes were obtained, and the depth of the facial vessels in the projection of the mandibular body was clarified during postmortem dissection and using in vivo ultrasound imaging.