Активация эндогенных механизмов саногенеза при когнитивных нарушениях при болезни церебральных мелких сосудов

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Цереброваскулярные болезни являются второй по частоте причиной когнитивных нарушений (деменции). Кроме того, болезнь церебральных мелких сосудов (БЦМС) вносит существенный вклад в клиническую картину нейродегенеративных заболеваний. Поскольку в настоящее время не существует доказанно эффективных фармакологических методов лечения БЦМС, постольку перспективным методом является активация эндогенных механизмов саногенеза. В статье представлен обзор клинических исследований, оценивавших эффект физических упражнений на клиническую и МРТ-картину БЦМС. Установлено, что механизмы саногенеза при выполнении физических упражнений включают контроль сосудистых факторов риска, улучшение эндотелиальной функции и регуляцию секреции эксеркинов. Эффективность физических упражнений зависит от типа упражнений (аэробные или силовые тренировки) и пола человека. Более высокий терапевтический потенциал имеют силовые тренировки. Понимание этих аспектов поможет усовершенствовать программу физических упражнений для достижения максимального эффекта у пациентов с БЦМС.

Ключевые слова:

болезнь церебральных мелких сосудов

когнитивные нарушения

деменция

физическая активность

аэробный тренинг

силовой тренинг

Авторы:

Есин Р.Г.

ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет» Минобрнауки;
Казанская государственная медицинская академия — филиал ФГБОУ ДПО «Российская медицинская академия непрерывного профессионального образования» Минздрава России

ORCID: 0000-0001-6762-8845

Эркинова Д.Э.

ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет» Минобрнауки

ORCID: 0009-0000-6527-596X

Есин О.Р.

ФГАОУ ВО «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет» Минобрнауки;
ООО «Клиника оториноларингологии»

SPIN РИНЦ: 8012-3620
Scopus AuthorID: 35738650000
ORCID: 0000-0003-4244-4446

Дата поступления:

06.08.2024

Дата принятия в печать:

14.08.2024

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