At the population level, the quantitative assessment of the impact of social-economic and medical-demographic factors on the dynamics of main mental health indicators (prevalence, incidence, level of suicide, disability) in the population of the Russian Federation in 1992-2010 years is presented. Regression models relating the key indicators of mental health with the health-demographic and social-economic factors have been developed. The interpretation of the dynamics of mental health in Russia according to the social changes and living conditions in the country during 1992-2010 years is suggested. Models have good predictive performance, which allows their use as a tool for real-time monitoring and planning of health and social services.