
Молекулярные биомаркеры мультисистемной атрофии. (Систематизированный обзор)
Журнал: Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски. 2026;126(10-2):33-40.
DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202612610233
Прочитано: 118 раз
Резюме
Мультисистемная атрофия (МСА) — редкое, быстро прогрессирующее нейродегенеративное заболевание, диагностика которого, особенно на ранних стадиях, сопряжена со значительными трудностями вследствие клинического полиморфизма и сходства с болезнью Паркинсона и другими формами атипичного паркинсонизма. В представленном систематизированном обзоре проанализированы современные данные о молекулярных биомаркерах МСА в биологических жидкостях (цереброспинальная жидкость, плазма крови). Исследование проведено в соответствии с рекомендациями PRISMA — 2020 (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Рассматриваются семь групп потенциальных маркеров: агрегированный α-синуклеин, легкие цепи нейрофиламентов, тау-белок, основной белок миелина, нейротрансмиттеры (дофамин, норадреналин, серотонин, β-эндорфины), маркеры нейровоспаления (цитокины, глиальный фибриллярный кислый белок), гомоцистеин и коэнзим Q10. Обсуждаются их патофизиологическая обоснованность, дифференциально-диагностическая и прогностическая значимость, а также ограничения и противоречия, сдерживающие внедрение в клиническую практику. Особое внимание уделено перспективным стратегиям комбинированного использования биомаркеров.
Ключевые слова
- мультисистемная атрофия
- α-синуклеин
- легкие цепи нейрофиламентов
- тау-белок
- основной белок миелина
- норадреналин
- коэнзим Q10
- биомаркеры
Дата поступления: 21.07.2026
Дата принятия в печать: 08.08.2026
Дата публикации: 03.11.2026
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