Visual disturbances in Parkinson’s disease

Close metadata

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease, the main symptoms of which are motor impairments (bradykinesia, rigidity, tremor and postural instability). However, the longer this disease is studied, the more new (non-motor) manifestations of the disease are detected. The article discusses visual disturbances that occur in patients with PD, the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms and methods of their treatment.

Keywords:

Parkinson’s disease

neurodegenerative disease

dry eye disease

retina

visual disturbances

Authors:

Nikitina A.J.

Russian Medical Academy of continuous Professional Education

Melnikova N.V.

Russian Medical Academy for Continuous Professional Education

Moshetova L.K.

Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education

Levin O.S.

Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education

SPIN RSCI: 5342-1373
Scopus AuthorID: 57147160800
ORCID: 0000-0003-3872-5923

Received:

21.06.2022

Accepted:

22.06.2022

List of references:

Borm CDJM, Werkmann M, Graaf D, et al. Undetected ophthalmological disorders in Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurology. 2022;1-12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-022-11014-0
Somov EE, Obodov VA. Lacrimal dysfunction syndromes. SPb: Chelovek; 2011. (In Russ).
Edman MC, Janga SR, Kakan SS, et al. Tears-moretothem than meets the eye: why tears are a good source of biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease. Biomarkers in Medicine. 2020;14(2):151-163. https://doi.org/10.2217/bmm-2019-0364
Chen Z, Li G, Liu J. Autonomic dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease: Implications for pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Neurobiology of Disease. 2019;134:104700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbd.2019.104700
Ulusoy EK, Ulusoy DM. Evaluation of corneal sublayers thickness and corneal parameters in patients with Parkinson’s disease. International Journal of Neuroscience. 2021;131(10):939-945. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207454.2020.1761353
Roda M, Ciavarella C, Giannaccare G, Versura P. Biomarkers in tears and ocular surface: a window for neurodegenerative diseases. Eye & Contact Lens. 2020;46:S129-S134. https://doi.org/10.1097/ICL.0000000000000663
Ekker MS, Janssen S, Seppi K, et al. Ocular and visual disorders in Parkinson’s disease: common but frequently overlooked. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2017;40:1-10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.02.014
Wang MTM, Tien L, Han A, et al. Impact of blinking on ocular surface and tear film parameters. The Ocular Surface. 2020;16(4):424-429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtos.2018.06.001
Avetisova SE, Egorova EA, Moshetova LK, et al. Ophthalmology. National Guidelines. M.: Geotar-Media; 2019. (In Russ).
Brzhevsky VV. Diagnosis and treatment of dry eye syndrome. SPb: Sankt-Peterburgskaya gos. pediatr. med. akademiya; 1998. (In Russ).
Savitt J, Aouchiche R. Management of visual dysfunction in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease. 2020;10(s1):S49-S56. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-202103
Savitt J, Mathews M. Treatment of Visual Disorders in Parkinson Disease. Current Treatment Options in Neurology. 2018;20(8):30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-018-0519-0
Rouen PA, White ML. Dry eye disease: prevalence, assessment, and management. Home Healthcare Now. 2018;36(2):74-83. https://doi.org/10.1097/NHH.0000000000000652
Borm CDJM, Smilowska K, de Vries NM, et al. The Neuro-Ophthalmological Assessment in Parkinson’s Disease. Journal of Parkinson’s Disease. 2019;9(2):427-435. https://doi.org/10.3233/JPD-181523
Levin OS, Fedorova NV. Bolezn’ Parkinsona. 5-e izd. M.: MEDpress-inform; 2015. (In Russ).
Veys L, Vandenabeele M, Ortuno-Lizaran I, et al. Retinal alpha-synuclein deposits in Parkinson’s disease patients and animal models. Acta Neuropathological. 2019;137(3):379-395. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-018-01956-z
Ortuno-Lizaran I, Beach TG, Serrano GE, et al. Phosphorylated α-synuclein in the retina is a biomarker of Parkinson’s disease pathology severity. Movement Disorders. 2018;33(8):1315-1324. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.27392
Bodis-Wollner I, Kozlowsi PB, Glazman S, Miri S. α-synuclein in the inner retina in Parkinson disease. Annals of Neurology. 2014;75(6):964-966. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.24182
Beach TG, Carew J, Serrano G, et al, Arizona Parkinson’s Disease Consortium. Phosphorylated α-synuclein-immunoreactive retinal neuronal elements in Parkinson’s disease subjects. Neuroscience Letters. 2014;571:34-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.04.027
Schapansky J, Nardozzi JD, LaVoie MJ. The complex relationships between microglia, α-synuclein and LRRK2 in Parkinson’s disease. Neuroscience. 2015;302:74-88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.09.049
Scheiblich H, Dansokho C, Mercan D, et al. Microglia jointly degrade fibrillar alpha-synuclein cargo by distribution through tunneling nanotubes. Cell. 2021;184(20):5089-5106.e21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.09.007
Ramirez AI, de Hoz R, Salobrar-Gracia E, et al. The role of microglia in retinal neurodegeneration: Alzgeimer`s disease, Parkinson, and glaucoma. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2017;9:214. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2017.00214
Miri S, Glazman S, Mylin L, Bodis-Wollner I. A combination of retinal morphology and visual electrophysiology testing increases diagnostic yield in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2016;22:S134-S137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.09.015
Perez-Fernandez V, Milosavljevic N, Allen AE, et al. Rod photoreceptor activation alone defines the release of dopamine in the retina. Current Biology. 2019;29(5):763-774.e5. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.042
Jackson CR, Ruan GX, Aseem F, et al. Retinal dopamine mediates multiple dimensions of light-adapted vision. Journal of Neuroscience. 2012;32(27): 9359-9368. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0711-12.2012
Marrocco E, Esposito F, Tarallo V, et al. α-synuclein in the retina leads to degeneration of dopamine amacrine cells impairing vision. bioRxiv. 2019;760603. https://doi.org/10.1101/760603
La Morgia C, Ross-Cisneros FN, Sadun AA, Carelli V. Retinal ganglion cells and circadian rhythms in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and beyond. Frontiers in Neurology. 2017;8:162. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2017.00162
Vuong HE, Hardi CN, Barnes S, Brecha NC. Parallel inhibition of dopamine amacrine cells and intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells in a non-image-forming visual circuit of mouse retina. Journal of Neuroscience. 2015;35(48):15955-15970. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3382-15.2015
Ortuno-Lizaran I, Esquiva G, Beach TG, et al. Degeneration of human photosensitive retinal ganglion cells may explain sleep and circadian rhythms disorders in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neuropathologica Communications. 2018;6(1):1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40478-018-0596-z
Munteanu T, Noronha KJ, Leung AC, et al. Light-dependent pathways for dopaminergic amacrine cells development and function. eLife. 2018;7:e39866. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.39866
Miri S, Glazman S, Bodis-Wollner I. OCT and Parkinson’s disease. OCT in Central Nervous System Diseases. 2016;105-121. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24085-5_6
Chrysou A, Jansonius NM, van Laar T. Retinal layers in Parkinson’s disease: A meta-analysis of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography studies. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2019;64:40-49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2019.04.023
Pilat A, McLean RJ, Proudlock FA, et al. In vivo Morphology of Optic Nerve and Retina in Patients with Parkinson’s disease. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 2016;57(10):4420-4427. https://doi.org/10.1167/iovs.16-20020
Egorova EA. Glaukoma. National Guidelines. M.: Geotar-media; 2013. (In Russ).
Kaur M, Saxena R, Singh D, et al. Correlation between structural and functional retinal changes in Parkinson disease. Journal of Neuro-Ophthalmology. 2015;35(3):254-258. https://doi.org/10.1097/WNO.0000000000000240
Ahn J, Lee JY, Kim TW, et al. Retinal thinning associates with nigral dopaminergic loss in de novo Parkinson disease. Neurology. 2018;91(11):e1003-e1012. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000006157
Lee JJ, Shin NY, Lee Y, et al. Optic nerve integrity as a visuospatial cognitive predictor in Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2016;31:41-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.06.020
Lee JY, Ahn J, Yoon EJ, et al. Macular ganglion-cell-complex layer thinning and optic nerve integrity in drug-naïve Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neural Transmission. 2019;126(12):1695-1699. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-019-02097-7
Arrigo A, Calamuneri A, Milardi D, et al. Visual system involvement in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson disease. Radiology. 2017;285(3):885-895. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2017161732
Ridder A, Muller MLTM, Kotagal V, et al. Impaired contrast sensitivity is associated with more severe cognitive impairment in Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2017;34:15-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2016.10.006
Anang JBM, Gagnon JF, Bertrand JA, et al. Predictors of dementia in Parkinson’s disease: A prospective cohort study. Neurology. 2014;83(14):1253-1260. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000000842
Murueta‐Goyena A, Del Pino R, Galdós M, et al. Retinal thickness predicts the risk of cognitive decline in Parkinson disease. Annals of Neurology. 2021; 89(1):165-176. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.25944
Leyland L-A, Bremner FD, Mahmood R, et al. Visual tests predict dementia risk in Parkinson disease. Neurology: Clinical Practice. 2020;10(1):29-39. https://doi.org/10.1212/CPJ.0000000000000719
Weil RS, Schrag AE, Warren JD, et al. Visual dysfunction in Parkinson’s disease. Brain. 2016;139(11):2827-2843. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aww175
Bohnen NI, Koeppe RA, Minoshima S, et al. Cerebral glucose metabolic features of Parkinson’s disease and incident dementia: longitudinal study. Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 2011;52(6):858-855. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.111.089946
Lenka A, Jhunjhunwala KR, Saini J, Pal PK. Structural and functional neuroimaging in patients with Parkinson’s disease and visual hallucinations: A critical review. Parkinsonism & Related Disorders. 2015;21(7):683-691. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2015.04.005
Barrell K, Bureau B, Turcano P, et al. High-order visual processing, visual symptoms, and visual hallucinations: A possible symptomatic progression of Parkinson’s disease. Frontiers in Neurology. 2018;9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2018.00999
O`Callaghan C, Hall JM, Tomassini A, et al. Visual Hallucinations are characterized by impaired sensory evidence accumulation: insights from hierarchical drift diffusion modeling in Parkinson’s disease. Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimagining. 2017;2(8):680-688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2017.04.007
Pagonabarraga J, Martinez-Horta S, de Bobadilla RF, et al. Minor hallucinations occur in drug-naive Parkinson’s disease patients, even from the premotor phase. Movement Disorders. 2016;31(1):45-52. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.26432
Lenka A, Pagonabarraga J, Pal PK, et al. Minor hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease: A subtle symptom with major clinical implications. Neurology. 2019;93(6):259-266. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0000000000007913
Lee W-W, Yoon EJ, Lee J-Y, et al. Visual hallucinations and pattern of brain degeneration in Parkinson’s disease. Neurodegenerative Diseases. 2017; 17(2-3):62-72. https://doi.org/10.1159/000448517
Aarsland D, Batzu L, Halliday GM, et al. Parkinson disease-associated cognitive impairment. Nature Reviews Disease Primers. 2021;7(1):1-21. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41572-021-00280-3
Hermanowicz N, Edwards K. Parkinson’s disease psychosis: symptoms, management, and economic burden. Am J Manag Care. 2015;21(10 Suppl): s199-s206.

Close metadata