In this article, the results of the authors’ research, including analysis of the clinical and instrumental data concerning 203 patients with stroke, are presented. The factors significantly affecting the recovery of patients in the rehabilitation are determine, viz. the age, the presence of the chronic pain, the level of education, the nature of the pathological process in the brain (the stroke type), the localization of the lesion (hemispheric, stem), right/left-sided localization of the lesion, the width of the lesion, the volume of the lesion (the atrophic post-ischemic changes, the volume of hematoma), the presence of cerebral atrophy (the width of the third ventricle), the presence of leukoareosis, the presence and the severity of stenosis in the internal carotid artery, the operations on the main arteries in the medical history, the presence of focal lesions on the electroencephalogram, the presence of the perifocal brain edema, accompanied by a shift of midline structures in the acute phase of stroke, the incidence of the stroke. We distinguished the «rehabilitation subgroups» according to the representation of the basic and additional risk factors. The influence of leukoareosis on the recovery of patients after hemorrhagic stroke in shown for the first time. The values of each risk factor for the patients presenting with ischemic stroke of hemisphere and stem localization, as well as for the patients with intracerebral hematomas were calculated. The prognostically significant percentage of the clinical improvement of the patients’ conditions in the course of rehabilitation for each of the subgroups is estimated.