Allostatic load in patients with diabetic retinopathy

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) occupies a special place among the causes of progressive decline and loss of visual acuity, it significantly impairs the quality of life and viability of elderly patients, and allostatic load is considered its integral indicator. However, the allostatic load in patients suffering from diabetic retinopathy, as well as in other ophthalmological diseases, has not been extensively studied, so biomarkers characterizing the allostatic load of patients with diabetic retinopathy remain unknown.

PURPOSE

This study investigates the allostatic load in patients with diabetic retinopathy and attempts to identify the biomarkers that determine it to the fullest extent.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Allostatic load was studied in 78 elderly patients with diabetic retinopathy and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and in 62 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy. Allostatic load was evaluated by analyzing systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, albumins, C-reactive protein, homocysteine in the blood and glomerular filtration rate.

RESULTS

It was found that in patients with diabetic retinopathy the most pronounced and statistically significant excess was in the content of glycated hemoglobin in the blood up to 10.2% versus 7.4%, and homocysteine up to 15.5 mmol/L versus 7.9 mmol/L compared to patients with diabetes mellitus without diabetic retinopathy, respectively. The value of the allostatic index was significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy, amounting to 4.6±0.4 points, versus 2.9±0.3 points in patients with diabetes mellitus without the studied ophthalmic pathology (p<0.001). Factor analysis made it possible to identify biomarkers of allostatic load in patients with diabetic retinopathy — glycated hemoglobin, homocysteine, triglycerides and albumins.

CONCLUSION

The identified biomarkers can be used for assessing the viability and the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures carried out in patients with diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords:

diabetic retinopathy

elderly

allostatic load

age-related viability

biomarkers

Authors:

Lev I.V.

Tambov branch of the S.N. Fedorov National Medical Research Center “MNTK “Eye Microsurgery”

ORCID: 0000-0003-3436-4059

Agarkov N.M.

South-Western State University;
Belgorod State National Research University

ORCID: 0000-0002-4821-3692

Received:

16.09.2022

Accepted:

12.12.2022

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