Current trends in studying pathogenesis of glaucoma

Erichev V.P.; Khachatryan G.K.; Khomchik O.V.

doi:https://doi.org/10.17116/oftalma2021137052268

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Abstract:

Glaucoma is a group of neurodegenerative disorders comprising one of the main causes of irreversible blindness. Glaucoma-related blindness is a globally relevant problem. By now, many aspects of glaucoma pathogenesis have been studied: impact of increased intraocular pressure (IOP) on the development of optic neuropathy, ischemia and reperfusion of the retina, most of the direct mechanisms of neuronal death (excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, etc). However, the only effective glaucoma treatment is lowering the IOP, while early glaucoma diagnosis is based on determining structural and functional retinal defects. Therefore, it is important to emphasize further research on the insufficiently studied aspects of glaucoma pathogenesis — such as neuroinflammation, translaminar pressure, genetic factors, association of glaucomatous damage with changes in the brain, mitochondrial pathologies, and others. The article reviews the most perspective directions in research of the pathogenesis of glaucomatous optic neuropathy.

Keywords:

glaucoma

glaucomatous optic neuropathy

pathogenesis

Authors:

Erichev V.P.

Krasnov Research Institute of Eye Diseases

ORCID: 0000-0001-6842-7164

Khachatryan G.K.

Research Institute of Eye Diseases

Khomchik O.V.

Research Institute of Eye Diseases

Received:

19.02.2021

Accepted:

30.03.2021

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References:

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