Objective — to assess the specific features of expression of microRNAs associated with carcinogenesis in melanoma and melanocytic nevi. Material and methods. Biopsy specimens from patients with melanocytic neoplasms were used to isolate microRNAs: hsa-let-7b-5p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-205, hsa-miR-21-5p, and hsa-miR-200c. Their expression was assessed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay, by normalizing the U6 snRNA values. The results were statistically processed by a Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric dispersion test; multigroup comparisons showed that the differences between the comparable indices were considered significant at p<0.05. Results. There were higher miR-205 levels in melanoma than in benign melanocytic neoplasms; at the same time there was no correlation of the expression of analyzed microRNAs with the clinical and morphological forms of melanoma. Conclusion. The found changes in microRNA levels are suggestive of dysregulation of gene expressions at the post-transcriptional level in melanoma and may be kept in mind in the future to elaborate new approaches to diagnosing and predicting the course of this disease.