Obesity is one of the most common chronic diseases in the world. It is accompanied by the metabolic syndrome (MS) and dysbiotic disturbances of the intestinal microbiota. The latter affects not only the entire host metabolism but also the development of the skin microflora whose disturbances might lead to skin diseases, in particular eczema. This article presents general information on the etiology, pathogenesis, and clinical manifestations of true and microbial eczema and on a close relationship between the intestinal biocenosis condition and the course of allergic dermatoses. It is noted that the affected areas in patients with microbial eczema tend to be largely colonized. In this case, association of the Candida fungi and bacteria enhances inflammation. The article presents the detailed results of studies of domestic and foreign authors, indicating the need for correction of the skin and intestinal microbiota in eczema patients. For the purpose of microflora correction, issues of application of prebiotics and probiotics, synbiotic strategies, and also the use of antibiotics and immunomocorrection in treatment are described in detail. Pathogenetically reasonable algorithms of treatment can significantly increase the efficacy of therapy. However, approaches to correction of dysbiotic processes in the skin and intestinal microbiota still remain the matter of debate, which opens up new horizons for professionals for scientific activity in studying this problem.