Results of surgical treatment were comparatively analyzed in children with congenital lobar emphysema operated using traditional technique (1 group, 10 patients) and operated using thoracoscopic technique (2 group, 10 patients). In the first group average time of operation amounted 68±5,8 min., average time of plural drainage - 3,3 days, average time of postoperative hospitalization - 13,6 days and in the second group - 62±15,6 min., 1,3 days and 7,4 days respectively. In the second group postoperative complications were not observed. In postoperative period one patient from the first group developed pneumothorax eliminated on the 5-th day after operation. Results of investigation indicate the advantages of thoracoscopic technique in treatment of children with lobar emphysema compared with traditional methods of treatment. Application ofthoracoscopic technique in children with lobar emphysema is a serious alternative to traditional method due to slight postoperative period, lesser amount of complications and good cosmetic and functional results.