ABSTRACT The Aim of the study was to study the dynamics of indicators of cell mediators of local inflammation (IL- 2, IL-4) of washing waters of the subglottic area using endotracheal tube (Murphy type) and antireflexive endotracheal tube (Pervak type) using 10% lidocaine solution. Materials and methods. In 2017, a prospective clinical study was conducted on the basis of the regional clinical hospital №2 in Vladivostok. The study involved 40 people aged from 20 to 50 years, of both sexes, without comorbidities, which were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group was used endotracheal tube (ET) (type Murphy), 2nd group – antireflexive endotrahealna tube (ARETT) (type Pervak), after intubation in a special channel for supplying anesthetic was injected 10% solution of lidocaine in a volume of 2 ml. Results. In the first group of patients, the level of interleukins (IL-2, IL-4) significantly increased to the second stage of the study, p=0.045 and p=0.037, respectively, which in turn indicates the participation of the immune system in the pathogenesis of local inflammation of the trachea mucosa of the intragroup interleukin indices in the second category of the studied patients decreased significantly-IL-2-by 1.9 times (p=0.0005) and IL-4-by 1.6 times (p=0.013), which indicates a decrease in the immune response when use 10% lidocaine solution. Summary. 1) the use of ARETT contributes to a decrease in the indices of cellular local inflammation (IL-2, IL-4) of the washing waters of the subglottic area, which indicates a decrease in the inflammatory response and the local immune response; 2) the use of ARETT reduces the risk of postextubation subglottic stenosis.