Кластерин в качестве биомаркера болезни Альцгеймера

Авторы:

Ольга Васильевна Альпидовская,

Богдан Валентинович Тихонов

Журнал: Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. 2026;126(7):22-28.

DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202612607122

Прочитано: 219 раз

Резюме

ЦЕЛЬ

Изучить и систематизировать доступные данные литературы о кластерине (CLU) в качестве биомаркера БА.

МАТЕРИАЛ И МЕТОДЫ

Использованы методы анализа, обобщения, сравнения и систематизации данных публикаций отечественных и зарубежных авторов. Проводился поиск статей в базах данных PubMed (MEDLINE) и иных базах данных и источников научной информации за последние 10 лет. Полученные данные подвергались аналитическому исследованию на предмет формулировок и объяснения потенциальной значимости CLU в патогенезе БА.

РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ

В статье представлены данные, что CLU может влиять на патогенез БА через такие механизмы, как регулирование воспаления, контроль апоптоза клеток и очищение патологических белков, оказывая влияние на оксилительный стресс, процессы агрегации и сворачивания внеклеточных белков. CLU играет ключевую роль в обеспечении выживания клеток в условиях клеточного стресса. CLU защищает от окислительного стресса и обеспечивает как краткосрочную устойчивость к повреждениям, вызванным окислительным стрессом, так и долгосрочную выживаемость. Потеря защитной роли sCLU от повреждений, вызванных АФК, может обусловливать повышенную уязвимость нейронов к повреждениям, таким как Aβ, который продуцирует как H₂O₂, так и другие активные формы кислорода. CLU способен активировать ось PI3K/ AKT, являющуюся эффектором для mTOR и NF-κB. Ингибирование mTOR замедляет прогрессию БА. Повышенный уровень CLU в плазме у пожилых людей без когнитивных нарушений может предшествовать значительному отложению Aβ в мозге до 10 лет, что указывает на раннее повышение CLU в патогенезе БА и его потенциальную патологическую роль.

ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ

CLU следует рассматривать в качестве биомаркера БА, что представляется важным доказательством использования метода иммуноферментного анализа для определения концентрации CLU в плазме крови в качестве дополнительного инструмента для раннего скрининга и терапевтических вмешательств при БА.

Ключевые слова

болезнь Альцгеймера
кластерин
NF-κB
mTOR
окислительный стресс
тау-протеин

Дата поступления: 06.01.2026

Дата принятия в печать: 20.03.2026

Дата публикации: 07.08.2026

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