One hundred and sixty-seven patients with cerebral palsy (CP), aged 11-16 years, with spastic diplegia (n=87) and hemiparetic forms (n=80), with subgroups of mental retardation (MR) or intellectual delay (ID) have been studied. Standard treatment and application of a method of dynamic proprioceptive correction (MDPC) in the complex rehabilitation with the use of a medical and loading Adeli suit were used. Cognitive deficit in patients was characterized by the relative integrity of short-term nonverbal memory and marked impairment of verbal memory, verbal and nonverbal intellect. CP patients with intellectual delay demonstrated the predominant impairment of verbal functions. CP patients with mental retardation have the deficiency of both verbal and non-verbal cognitive functions. An individual profile of brain functional asymmetry in patients with CP was more lateralized than in healthy peers that can represent a mechanism for irregular development of cognitive functions in CP. Implementing the MDPC into comprehensive rehabilitation promotes the improvement of postural regulation and cognitive functions in children with CP compared to traditional methods of treatment. This is accompanied by the changes in functioning of the associative brain areas and hemispheric interaction.