Anxiety in children and adolescents with primary headaches: diagnosis and treatment options

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OBJECTIVE

To determine the comorbidity of primary headaches (PH) and anxiety in adolescents and the effectiveness of aminophenylbutyric acid (Anvifen) in the treatment of anxiety (750 mg per day for 21 days).

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Group 1 — «episodic PH» (up to 15 days with headaches per month for 12 months) — 84 patients (mean age 15.5±1.3 years; 46.4% boys, 53.6% girls). Group 2 — «chronic PH» (15 days or more with headache per month for 12 months) — 55 patients (mean age 15.2±1.4 years; 44.3% boys, 55.7% girls). Group 3 — «teenagers without headache» (have not experienced pain in the last 6 months) — 67 people (mean age 15.7±1.4 years; 44.8% boys, 55.2% girls). Anxiety assessment using the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS): number of symptoms (patient); number of symptoms (expert); severity scale (expert); clinical examination (expert).

RESULTS

Before/after treatment: group 1 number of symptoms (patient) = 24 [23; 26]/9 [8; 10], number of symptoms (expert) = 23 [22; 25]/12 [12; 13], severity scale (expert) = 21 [20; 25]/9 [8; 11], clinical examination (expert) = 14 [13; 14]/9 [8; 9]; group 2 number of symptoms (patient) = 47 [46; 48]/43 [45; 47], number of symptoms (expert) = 40 [38; 41]/39 [38; 40], severity scale (expert) =33 [31; 34]/32 [31; 34], clinical examination (expert) = 20 [20; 22]/19 [19; 21].

CONCLUSION

Anxiety is a comorbid symptom in adolescents with PH, it is more pronounced in chronic PH. Anvifen has high efficacy in the treatment of anxiety comorbid with episodic PH, moderate efficacy in chronic PH. Treatment of anxiety in adolescents should begin as early as possible to prevent chronicity of the disease.

Keywords:

primary headaches

anxiety

adolescents

Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale

Anvifen

Authors:

Esin O.R.

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University;
Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology

SPIN RSCI: 8012-3620
Scopus AuthorID: 35738650000
ORCID: 0000-0003-4244-4446

Esin R.G.

Kazan State Medical Academy — Branch of the Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education;
Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

ORCID: 0000-0001-6762-8845

Khayrullin I.Kh.

Kazan (Volga region) Federal University

ORCID: 0000-0003-0919-035X

Received:

24.05.2022

Accepted:

02.06.2022

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