The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Login
EN
+7 (495) 482-4118
+7 (495) 482-4329
+8 800 250-18-12
  • (toll-free number for subscriptions)
    Mon-Fri from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

  • © 1998-2026
+7 (495) 482-43-29
EN
All journals
Journal
Year
Year
Search result: 0

Polyakova T.A.

Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow

Arablinskiĭ A.V.

Otdel luchevoĭ diagnostiki gorodskoĭ klinicheskoĭ bol'nitsy im. S.P. Botkina, Moskva

Neuroimaging and molecular biomarkers of dementia

Authors:

Polyakova T.A., Arablinskiĭ A.V.

More about the authors

Journal: S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2017;117(6‑2): 16‑22

DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20171176216-22

Read: 2501 times

Contact the author
Table of contents

NEUROIMAGING AND MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS OF DEMENTIA
NEUROIMAGING AND MOLECULAR BIOMARKERS OF DEMENTIA

To cite this article:

Polyakova TA, Arablinskiĭ AV. Neuroimaging and molecular biomarkers of dementia. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2017;117(6‑2):16‑22. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/jnevro20171176216-22

Подписка 2026 Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски (S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry (special issues))
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
Close metadata
Recommended articles:
Cyto­kine status of patients with Alzheimer’s disease. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):5-12
Curcumin-induced increased reti­nal fluorescence as a new method in the early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):19-25
Differential diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular cognitive diso­rders. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):26-35
A comprehensive study of Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers in plasma and cere­brospinal fluid. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):43-53
Prospects for treating Alzheimer’s disease. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):54-60
Cognitive impairment in patients with multiple scle­rosis. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):67-73
Sleep diso­rders in patients with Lewy body deme­ntia and Parkinson’s disease. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(4-2):81-87
Sellar collision tumors: difficulties of preoperative neuroimaging and sele­ction of surgical approach. Case repo­rts and lite­rature review. Burdenko's Journal of Neurosurgery. 2025;(3):75-82
Novel prospects for early diagnosis of cognitive impairment using Eye-tracking technology. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(6):13-20
Pote­ntial and prospects of the astragaloside IV use for age-associated diseases prevention. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2025;(7):94-99
Abstract:

Development of laboratory diagnosis and neuroimaging revealed a number of biomarkers for in vivo diagnosis of the most common forms of dementia (Alzheimer’s disease, Lewy body dementia and vascular dementia). Currently, the highest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of molecular biomarkers in the cerebrospinal fluid are detected for Alzheimer’s disease. At the same time, the changes according to the magnetic resonance imaging are more prognostically significant for future cognitive decline than cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers. Cerebral microbleeds are an available adjuvant diagnostic marker, which increases the diagnostic value of leukoaraiosis that suggests the development of cerebral amyloid angiopathy or hypertensive microangiopathy, especially in cases of mixed pathology and severe cognitive deficits.

Keywords:

neuroimaging
molecular biomarkers
Alzheimer’s disease
dementia with Lewy bodies
vascular dementia

Authors:

Polyakova T.A.

Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Moscow

Arablinskiĭ A.V.

Otdel luchevoĭ diagnostiki gorodskoĭ klinicheskoĭ bol'nitsy im. S.P. Botkina, Moskva

Close metadata

References:

  1. Haller S, Garibotto V, Kovari E Neuroimaging of dementia in 2013: what radiologists need to know. Eur Radiol. 2013;23(12):3393-404. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-013-2957-0
  2. Chetelat G, Desgranges B, Landeau B et al. Direct voxelbased comparison between grey matter hypometabolism and atrophy in Alzheimer’s disease. Brain. 2008;131:60-71. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awm288
  3. Lim SM, Katsifis A, Villemagne VL et al.The 18F-FDG PET cingulate island sign and comparison to 123I-beta-CIT SPECT for diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. J Nucl Med. 2009;50:1638-1645. https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.109.065870.
  4. McKeith I, O’Brien J, Walker Z et al. Sensitivity and specificity of dopamine transporter imaging with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in dementia with Lewy bodies: a phase III, multicenter study. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:305-313.
  5. Levin OS. Diagnostika i lechenie dementsii v klinicheskoi praktike. 3-e izd. M.: MEDpress-inform; 2012. (In Russ.).
  6. Levin OS. Algoritmy diagnostiki i lecheniya dementsii. 3-e izd., ispr., dop. M.: MEDpress-inform; 2011. (In Russ.).
  7. Levin OS. Sosudistye faktory riska bolezni Al’tsgeimera. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii im. S.S. Korsakova. 2013;117(72): 3-12. (In Russ.).
  8. Meguro K. Vascular lesions in mixed dementia, vascular dementia, and Alzheimer disease with cerebrovascular disease: the Kurihara Project. Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2012;15(322):157-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2012.07.048
  9. Garde E, Mortensen EL, Krabbe K et al.Relation between age-related decline in intelligence and cerebral white-matter hyperintensities in healthy octogenarians: a longitudinal study. Lancet. 2000;356:628-634. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(00)02604-0
  10. Ylikoski A, Erkinjuntti T, Raininko R et al. White matter hyperintensities on MRI in the neurologically nondiseased elderly. Analysis of cohorts of consecutive subjects aged 55 to 85 years living at home. Stroke. 1995;26:1171-1177. https://doi.org/10/1161/01.SRT.26.7.1171/
  11. Debette S, Markus HS. The clinical importance of white matter hyperintensities on brain magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2010;341:36-66. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.c3666
  12. Inzitari D, Simoni M, Pracucci G et al. Risk of rapid global functional decline in lderly patients with severe cerebral agerelated white matter changes: the LADIS study. Arch Intern Med. 200;7167:81-88. https://doi.org/10.1001/archinte.167.1.81
  13. Murray AD, Staff RT, McNeil CJ et al. The balance between cognitive reserve and brain imaging biomarkers of cerebrovascular and Alzheimer’s diseases. Brain. 2011;134:3687-3696. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awr259
  14. Young VG, Halliday GM, Kril JJ. Neuropathologic correlates of white matter hyperintensities. Neurology. 2008;71:804-811. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000319691.50117.54
  15. Gouw AA, Seewann A, van der FlierWM. Heterogeneity of small vessel disease: a systematic review of MRI and histopathology correlations. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2011;82:126-135. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2009.204685
  16. Pantoni L, Garcia JH. Pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis: a review. Stroke. 1997;28:652-659. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.28.3.652
  17. Fazekas F, Kleinert R, Offenbacher H. Pathologic correlates of incidental MRI white matter signal hyperintensities. Neurology. 1993;43:1683-1689.
  18. Grafton ST, Sumi SM, Stimac GK.Comparison of postmortem magnetic resonance imaging and neuropathologic findings in the cerebral white matter. Arch Neurol. 1991;48:293-298.
  19. van Swieten JC, van den Hout JH, van Ketel BA. Periventricular lesions in the white matter on magnetic resonance imaging in the elderly. A morphometric correlation with arteriolosclerosis and dilated perivascular spaces. Brain. 1991;114:761-774. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/114.2.761
  20. Haller S, Kovari E, Herrmann FR.Do brain T2/FLAIR white matter hyperintensities correspond to myelin loss in normal aging? A radiologic-neuropathologic correlation study. Acta Neuropathologica Commun. 2013;1:10-14. https://doi.org/10.1186/2051-5960-1-14
  21. Topakian R, Barrick TR, Howe FA. Blood-brain barrier permeability is increased in normal-appearing white matter in patients with lacunar stroke and leucoaraiosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:192-197.
  22. de Groot JC, de Leeuw FE. Cerebral white matter lesions and depressive symptoms in elderly adults. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2000;57:1071-1076. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.57.11.1071
  23. Greenberg SM, Vernooij MW, Cordonnier C. Cerebral microbleeds: a guide to detection and interpretation. Lancet Neurol. 2009;8:165-174. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70013-4
  24. Goos JD, van der Flier WM, Knol DL. Clinical relevance of improved microbleed detection by susceptibilityweighted magnetic resonance imaging. Stroke. 2011;42:1894-1900.
  25. Cordonnier C, van der Flier WM, Sluimer JD. Prevalence and severity of microbleeds in a memory clinic setting. Neurology. 2006;66:1356-1360. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000210535.20297.ae
  26. Cordonnier C, Al-Shahi Salman R, Wardlaw J. Spontaneous brain microbleeds: systematic review, subgroup analyses and standards for study design and reporting. Brain. 2007;130:1988-2003. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awl387
  27. Baor K. Influence of Galantamine on Vasomotor Reactivity in Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Dementia Due to Cerebral Microangiopathy. Stroke. 2007;38:3186-3192. https://doi.org/10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.492033
  28. Conijn M. Microbleeds, lacunar infarcts, white matter lesions and cerebrovascular reactivity — A 7 T study. NeuroImage. 2012;59:950-956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.08.059
  29. Benarroch E. Neurovascular unit dysfunction. Neurology. 2007;68:1730-1732. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000264502.92649.ab
  30. Cordonnier C. Brain Microbleeds and Alzheimer’s Disease: Clinical Significance of Brain Microbleeds. Brain. 2011;134(2):335-344. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awq321
  31. Hommet С. Review of Cerebral Microangiopathy and Alzheimer’s Disease: Relation between White Matter Hyperintensities and Microbleeds. Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders. 2011;32:367-378. https://doi.org/10.1159/000335568
  32. Inzitari D. Changes in white matter as determinant of global functional decline in older independent outpatients: three year follow-up of LADIS (leukoaraiosis and disability) study cohort. British Medical Journal. 2009;6(339):279-282.
  33. Wardlaw J. Cerebral microbleeds are associated with lacunar stroke defined clinically and radiologically, independently of white matter lesions. Stroke. 2006;37:2633-2636. https://doi.org/10.1161/01.STR.0000240513.00579.bf
  34. Wu J. Microbleeds and lacunar infarcts in the Rotterdam Scan Study. JAMA Neurology. 2011;68(10):1344-1345. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.230
  35. Chen Y. Progression of white matter lesions and hemorrhages in cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Neurology. 2006;67:83-87. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000223613.57229.24
  36. Cordonnier C. Brain Microbleeds and Alzheimer’s Disease: Clinical Significance of Brain Microbleeds. Brain. 2011;134(2):335-344.
  37. Jack CR, Knopman DS, Jagust WJ.Hypothetical model of dynamic biomarkers of the Alzheimer’s pathological cascade. Lancet Neurol. 2009;9:119-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70299-6
  38. Seeman P, Seeman N. Alzheimer’s disease: beta-amyloid plaque formation in human brain. Synapse. 2011;65:1289-1297. https://doi.org/10.1002/syn.20957
  39. Gao CM, Yam AY, Wang X. Aβ40 oligomers identified as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis of alzheimer’s disease. PLoS ONE. 2010;5:15-25. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0015725
  40. Fukumoto H, Tokuda T, Kasai T. High-molecular-weight beta-amyloid oligomers are elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of Alzheimer patients. Faseb J. 2010;24:2716-2726. https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.09-150359
  41. Esparza TJ, Zhao H, Cirrito JR. Amyloid-beta oligomerization in Alzheimer dementia versus highpathologycontrols. Ann Neurol. 2013;73:104-119. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.23748
  42. Yang T, Hong S, O’Malley T. New ELISAs with high specificity for soluble oligomers of amyloid β-protein detect natural Aβ oligomers in human brain but not CSF. Alzheimers Dement. 2013;9:99-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2012.11.005
  43. Haass C, Selkoe DJ. Soluble protein oligomers in neurodegeneration: lessons from the Alzheimer’s amyloid β-peptide. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2007;8:101-112. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrm2101
  44. Finch N, Baker M, Crook R. Plasma progranulin levels predict progranulin mutation status in frontotemporal dementia patients and asymptomatic family members. Brain. 2009;132:583-591. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awn352
  45. Schrijvers EMC, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A. Plasma clusterin and the risk of Alzheimer disease. JAMA. 2011;305:1322-1326. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2011.381
  46. Hansson O, Stomrud E, Vanmechelen E. Evaluation of plasma Aβ as predictor of Alzheimer’s disease in older individuals without dementia: a population-based study. J Alzheimers Dis. 2012;28:231-238. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2011-111418
  47. Lewczuk P, Kornhuber J, Vanmechelen E. Amyloid beta peptides in plasma in early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease: a multicenter study with multiplexing. Exp Neurol. 2010;223:366-370. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.07.024
  48. Ringman JM, Younkin SG, Pratico D. Biochemical markers in persons with preclinical familial Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2008;71:85-92. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000303973.71803.81
  49. Pesaresi M, Lovati C, Bertora P. Plasma levels of beta-amyloid (1—42) in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging. 2006;27:904-905. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2006.03.004
  50. Hansson O, Zetterberg H, Vanmechelen E. Evaluation of plasma Aβ(40) and Aβ(42) as predictors of conversion to Alzheimer’s disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment. Neurobiol Aging. 2010; 31:357-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.03.027
  51. Koyama A, Okereke OI, Yang T. Plasma amyloid-β as a predictor of dementia and cognitive decline: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Neurol. 2012;69:824-831. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2011.1841
  52. Weingarten MD, Lockwood AH, Hwo SY, Kirschner MW.A protein factor essential for microtubule assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1975;72:1858-1862.
  53. Hall GF, Lee VM, Kosik KS. Microtubule destabilization and neurofilament phosphorylation precede dendritic sprouting after close axotomy of lamprey central neurons. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1991;8:5016-5020.
  54. Mattsson N, Zetterberg H, Hansson O. CSF biomarkers and incipient Alzheimer disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment. JAMA. 2009;302:385-393. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2009.1064
  55. Petersen RC, Aisen PS, Beckett LA. Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI): clinical characterization. Neurology. 2010;74:201-209. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181cb3e25
  56. Bateman RJ, Munsell LY, Morris JC. Human amyloid-beta synthesis and clearance rates as measured in cerebrospinal fluid in vivo. Nat Med. 2006;12:856-861. https://doi.org/10.1038/nm1438
  57. Tapiola T, Alafuzoff I, Herukka S-K. Cerebrospinal fluid beta-amyloid 42 and tau proteins as biomarkers of Alzheimer-type pathologic changes in the brain. Arch Neurol. 2009;66:382-389. https://doi.org/10.1001/archneurol.2008.596
  58. Hansson O, Zetterberg H, Buchhave P. Association between CSF biomarkers and incipient Alzheimer’s disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment: a follow-up study. Lancet Neurol. 2006;5:228-234. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(06)70355-6
  59. Bastard NL, Martin J-J, Vanmechelen E. Added diagnostic value of CSF biomarkers in differential dementia diagnosis. Neurobiol Aging. 2010;31: 1867-1876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.10.017
  60. Bowman GL, Kaye JA, Moore M. Blood— brain barrier impairment in Alzheimer disease: stability and functional significance. Neurology. 2007;68:1809-1814. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000262031.18018.1a
  61. Wallin AK, Hansson O, Blennow K, Londos E, Minthon L. Can CSF biomarkers or pre-treatment progression rate predict response to cholinesterase inhibitor treatment in Alzheimer’s disease? Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2009;24:638-647. https://doi.org/10.1002/gps.2195
  62. Chalbot S, Zetterberg H, Blennow K. Blood — cerebrospinal fluid barrier permeability in Alzheimer’s disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;25:505-515. https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-2011-101959
  63. Kester MI, van der Vlies AE, Blankenstein MA, Pijnenburg YAL, van Elk EJ, Scheltens P, van der Flier WM. CSF biomarkers predict rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer disease. Neurology. 2009;73:1353-1358. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181bd8271
  64. Johansen KK, White LR, Sando SB, Aasly JO. Biomarkers: Parkinson disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Parkinsonism Relat Disord. 2010;16:307-315. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.parkreldis.2010.02.015
  65. Kasuga K, Tokutake T, Ishikawa A. Differential levels of alpha-synuclein, beta-amyloid42 and tau in CSF between patients with dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81: 608-610.
  66. Alves G, Bronnick K, Aarsland D. CSF amyloid-beta and tau proteins, and cognitive performance, in early and untreated Parkinson’s disease: the Norwegian Park West study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2010;81:1080-1086. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2009.199950
  67. Compta Y, Marti MJ, Ibarretxe-Bilba. Cerebrospinal tau, phospho a-amyloid and neuropsychological functions in Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord. 2009;24:2203-2210. https://doi.org/10.1002/mds.22594
  68. Mollenhauer B, Bibl M, Wiltfang J. Total tau protein, phosphorylated tau (181p) protein, β-amyloid 1—42, and β-amyloid 1—40 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with dementia with Lewy bodies. Clin Chem Lab Med. 2006;44:192-195. https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2006.035
  69. Bibl M, Mollenhauer B, Esselmann H. CSF amyloid-beta-peptides in Alzheimer’s disease, dementia with Lewybodies and Parkinson’s disease dementia. Brain. 2006;129:1177-1187. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/awl063
  70. Parnetti L, Tiraboschi P, Lanari A. Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Parkinson’s disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies. Biol Psychiatry. 2008;64:850-855. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.02.016
  71. Otto M, Lewczuk P, Wiltfang J. Neurochemical approaches of cerebrospinalfluid diagnostics in neurodegenerative diseases. Methods. 2008;44: 289-298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymeth.2007.06.012
  72. Rosa-Neto P, Hsiung G, Masellis M. Fluid biomarkers for diagnosing dementia: rationale and the Canadian Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia recommendations for Canadian physicians. Alzheimers Res Ther. 2013;25;5-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/alzrt223
Contact the author
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

Contact us
If you have any questions, complaints or suggestions, please use this feedback form.
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.
Submit Application

You can become an author of one of our magazines, send a request and we will consider it in during the day.

Name
Phone
E-mail
Message
Login
Registration
E-mail
Password
Forgot Password?

Log in to the site using your account in one of the services

Password recovery
E-mail
Login
Register

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.