Currently the concept of kinesiotaping has become widespread. Kinesiotaping, which was originally implemented in sports medicine, is increasingly used in rehabilitation and various spheres of medicine, such as orthopedics, traumatology, pediatrics, etc. In recent years, the new publications about the kinesiotaping use in neurology and rheumatology have been released, where previously unknown effects, such as improved sensory feedback, have been demonstrated. Great attention is paid to comparative studies of the effects of kinesiotaping and other methods of taping, which have been used for many years. Nevertheless, despite the popularity of this physical therapy and rehabilitation method, the number of scientific studies supporting its use remains insufficient. The effects originally attributed to kinesiotaping are still controversial, and there is insufficient scientific evidence supporting them. It is not reliably determined whether the tape has a tonic or relaxing effect due to the stimulation of the mechanoreceptors and how the taping affects fascial tissue. Its effect on the reduction of pressure in subcutaneous structures, its mechanisms of action on the microcirculatory bloodstream by stimulating exteroceptors and proprioceptors is unclear. The difficulty of kinesiotaping efficacy evaluation consists in the variety of techniques and the necessity to choose the location of the tape applying, its shape, the suitable tension and adhesion time. The article represents the results of the latest scientific researches on the pathogenetic mechanisms of kinesiotaping and efficacy of this technique in various nosologies.