Chronic rhinosinusitis is an inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract, in most cases leading to the formation of polyps in the nasal passages and paranasal sinuses. Due to its complex pathogenesis, which includes the interaction of various factors, including genetic predisposition, allergic reactions, infectious agents, and immune mechanisms, this disease can significantly impair the quality of life of patients. Traditional methods of treatment, such as drug therapy and surgery, do not always lead to the desired result. In recent years, the attention of specialists has been attracted by genetic engineering therapy as a promising method of treating chronic polypous rhinosinusitis, especially in complex cases such as the presence of defects in anatomical structures.