For decades, central auditory processing disorders have remained a controversial topic in audiology, probably due to the variety of clinical manifestations, etiology, state of lesion and symptoms. The variety of terms and opinions, regarding the consideration of linguistic and cognitive components, the absence of a well-established single classification of central auditory processing disorders in clinical practice lead to difficulties in diagnostics and management. Several approaches to the classification of central auditory processing disorders have been described in literature. However, there is no common classification up to date. In this regard, we have proposed the classification of central auditory processing disorders that allows unifying of diagnoses. The classification divides central auditory processing disorders by two characteristics: 1) primary (without known etiology factor) and secondary (with known etiology factor); 2) with normal and impaired peripheral hearing.