The site of the Media Sphera Publishers contains materials intended solely for healthcare professionals.
By closing this message, you confirm that you are a certified medical professional or a student of a medical educational institution.

Login
EN
+7 (495) 482-4118
+7 (495) 482-4329
+8 800 250-18-12
  • (toll-free number for subscriptions)
    Mon-Fri from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m.

  • © 1998-2025
+7 (495) 482-43-29
EN
All journals
Journal
Year
Year
Search result: 0

Kunel’skaya N.L.

N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, 117997;
L.I. Sverzhevsky Moscow Research and Practical Centre of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152

Mokrysheva N.G.

Éndokrinologicheskiĭ nauchnyĭ tsentr, Moskva

Guseva A.L.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Baybakova E.V.

GBUZ "Moskovskiĭ nauchno-prakticheskiĭ tsentr otorinolaringologii im. L.I. Sverzhevskogo", Moskva

Manaenkova E.A.

L.I. Sverzhevsky Research and Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: modern concepts of its etiology and pathogenesis

Authors:

Kunel’skaya N.L., Mokrysheva N.G., Guseva A.L., Baybakova E.V., Manaenkova E.A.

More about the authors

Journal: Russian Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology. 2017;82(3): 75‑79

DOI: 10.17116/otorino201782375-79

Read: 3646 times

Download PDF (RU)
Contact the author
Table of contents

BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO: MODERN CONCEPTS OF ITS ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS
BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO: MODERN CONCEPTS OF ITS ETIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS

To cite this article:

Kunel’skaya NL, Mokrysheva NG, Guseva AL, Baybakova EV, Manaenkova EA. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: modern concepts of its etiology and pathogenesis. Russian Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology. 2017;82(3):75‑79. (In Russ.)
https://doi.org/10.17116/otorino201782375-79

Подписка 2026 Вестник оториноларингологии (Russian Bulletin of Otorhinolaryngology)
МСФ на ЯМ
Использование инфографики авторами научных работ
Close metadata
Recommended articles:
Liver and bone in tandem: osteopenia as an inevitable companion to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Russian Journal of Evidence-Based Gastroenterology. 2024;(4):40-50
Asso­ciation between the vita­min D level and depression in the elde­rly people in the Euro­pean North of Russia. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2024;(12):107-113
Vita­min D role in oral cavity diseases. Stomatology. 2025;(1):81-86
Nutrient status of follicular fluid and blood serum in women with infe­rtility as a marker of embryo quality. Pilot study. Russian Journal of Human Reproduction. 2025;(2):17-27
The condition of bone tissue in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2025;(5):82-89
Clinical effi­cacy of vita­min D in the prevention of osteoporosis and fractures in elde­rly patients. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2025;(5):103-110
Vertebroplasty for pathological vertebral fracture with osteoporosis. S.S. Korsakov Journal of Neurology and Psychiatry. 2025;(6):67-76
Pote­ntial and prospects of the astragaloside IV use for age-associated diseases prevention. Russian Journal of Preventive Medi­cine. 2025;(7):94-99
Application of BMP-2 for bone rege­neration in osteoporosis. Stomatology. 2025;(3):101-108
A contemporary view of athletic amenorrhea and its correction methods. (Literature review). Problems of Balneology, Physiotherapy and Exercise Therapy. 2025;(3):62-71
Abstract:

The objective of the present review of the literature is the analysis of the currently available data concerning etiology and pathogenesis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). The special emphasis is placed on the modern hypotheses of BPPV formation that collectively account for not more than 15% of all known cases of this condition. The best explored are the following causes of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: vestibular neuronitis, head injuries, and disorders in the middle ear. During the recent years, much attention has been given to the role of disturbances of calcium metabolism and osteoporosis in etiology of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. It is supposed that pathogenesis of vertiginous attacks can be explained in terms of the canalolithiasis and cupulolithiasis theories.

Keywords:

benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
canalolithiasis
cupulolithiasis
osteoporosis
calcium metabolism
vitamin D

Authors:

Kunel’skaya N.L.

N.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia, 117997;
L.I. Sverzhevsky Moscow Research and Practical Centre of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152

Mokrysheva N.G.

Éndokrinologicheskiĭ nauchnyĭ tsentr, Moskva

Guseva A.L.

Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow

Baybakova E.V.

GBUZ "Moskovskiĭ nauchno-prakticheskiĭ tsentr otorinolaringologii im. L.I. Sverzhevskogo", Moskva

Manaenkova E.A.

L.I. Sverzhevsky Research and Clinical Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Moscow Health Department, Moscow, Russia, 117152

Close metadata

References:

  1. Bhattacharyya N, Baugh RF, Orvidas L, Barrs D, Bronston LJ, Cass S, Chalian AA, Desmond AL, Earll JM, Fife TD, Fuller DC, Judge JO, Mann NR, Rosenfeld RM, Schuring LT, Steiner RW, Whitney SL, Haidari J. American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. Clinical practice guideline: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2008;139(suppl 4):47-81. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2008.08.022
  2. Baloh RW, Honrubia V, Jacobson K Benign positional vertigo: clinical and oculographic features in 240 cases. Neurology. 1987;37(3):371-378.
  3. Katsarkas A. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): idiopathic versus post-traumatic Acta Otolaryngol. 1999;119(7):745-749.
  4. von Brevern M, Radtke A, Lezius F, Feldmann M, Ziese T, Lempert T, Neuhauser H. Epidemiology of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: a population based study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2007;78(7):710-715. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2006.100420
  5. Oghalai JS, Manolidis S, Barth JL, Stewart MG, Jenkins HA. Unrecognized benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in elderly patients. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2000;122(5):630-634. doi:10.1067/mhn.2000.105415
  6. Dix M, Hallpike C. The pathology symptomatology and diagnosis of certain common disorders of the vestibular system. Proc R Soc Med. 1952;45:341-354.
  7. Kunel'skaya NL, Guseva AL, Baibakova EV, Chistov SD, Chugunova MA. The efficacious algorithm for the diagnostics and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2015;80(5):19-22. (In Russ.). doi:10.17116/otorino201580519-22
  8. Parnes LS, Agrawal SK, Atlas J. Diagnosis and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). CMAJ. 2003;169(7):681-693.
  9. Fermin CD, Lychakov D, Campos A, Hara H, Sondag E, Jones T, Jones S, Taylor M, Meza-Ruiz G, Martin DS. Otoconia biogenesis, phylogeny, composition and functional attributes. Histol Histopathol. 1998;13(4):1103-1154.
  10. Lim DJ. Morphogenesis and malformation of otoconia: a review. Birth Defects Orig Artic Ser. 1980;16(4):111-146.
  11. Walther LE, Wenzel A, Buder J, Bloching MB, Kniep R, et al. Detection of human utricular otoconia degeneration in vital specimen and implications for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2013. doi:10.1007/s00405-013-2784-6
  12. Lundberg YW, Xu Y, Thiessen KD, Kramer KL. Mechanisms of otoconia and otolith development. Dev Dyn. 2015;244(3):239-253. doi:10.1002/dvdy.24195
  13. Slavkin HC. Combinatorial process for extracellular matrix influences on gene expression: a hypothesis. J Craniofac Genet Dev Biol. 1982;2(2):179-189.
  14. Walther LE, Blödow A, Bloching MB, Buder J, Carrillo-Cabrera W, Roseeva E, Borrmann H, Simon P, Kniep R. The inner structure of human otoconia. Otol Neurotol. 2014;35(4):686-694. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000000206
  15. Lim DJ. Otoconia in health and disease. A review. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol Suppl. 1984;112:17-24.
  16. Jang YS, Hwang CH, Shin JY, Bae WY, Kim LS. Age-related changes on the morphology of the otoconia. Laryngoscope. 2006;116(6):996-1001. doi:10.1097/01.mlg.0000217238.84401.03
  17. Igarashi M, Saito R, Mizukoshi K, Alford BR. Otoconia in young and elderly persons: a temporal bone study. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1993;504:26-29.
  18. Ogun OA, Büki B, Cohn ES, Janky KL, Lundberg YW. Menopause and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Menopause. 2014;21(8):886-889. doi:10.1097/GME.0000000000000190
  19. Jeong SH, Choi SH, Kim JY, Koo JW, Kim HJ, Kim JS. Osteopenia and osteoporosis in idiopathic benign positional vertigo. Neurology. 2009;72(12):1069-1076. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000345016.33983.e0
  20. Sacks D, Parham K. Preliminary Report on the Investigation of the Association Between BPPV and Osteoporosis Using Biomarkers. Otol Neurotol. 2015;36(9):1532-1536. doi:10.1097/MAO.0000000000000853
  21. Talaat HS, Abuhadied G, Talaat AS, Abdelaal MS. Low bone mineral density and vitamin D deficiency in patients with benign positional paroxysmal vertigo. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2015;272(9):2249-2253. doi:10.1007/s00405-014-3175-3
  22. Schuknecht HF. Cupulolithiasis. Arch Otolaryngol. 1969;90:765-778.
  23. Hall SF, Ruby RR, McClure JA. The mechanics of benign paroxysmal vertigo. J Otolaryngol. 1979;8(2):151-158.
  24. Parnes LS, McClure JA. Free-floating endolymph particles: a new operative finding during posterior semicircular canal occlusion. Laryngoscope. 1992;102:988-992
  25. Cohen HS, Kimball KT, Stewart MG. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and comorbid conditions. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2004;66(1):11-15. doi:10.1159/000077227 pmid:15103195
  26. Adler A. Ueber den «einseitigen Drehschwindel». Dtsch Z Nervenheilk. 1987;11:358-375.
  27. Katsarkas A. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): idiopathic versus post-traumatic. Acta Otolaryngol. 1999;119(7):745-749.
  28. Motin M, Keren O, Groswasser Z, Gordon CR. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the cause of dizziness in patients after severe traumatic brain injury: diagnosis and treatment. Brain Inj. 2005;19(9):693-697.
  29. Ralli G, Atturo F, Lamberti A, Nola G. Post-traumatic camel-related benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Travel Med Infect Dis. 2010;8(4):207-209. doi:10.1016/j.tmaid.2010.07.002
  30. Amir I, Young E, Belloso A. Self-limiting benign paroxysmal positional vertigo following use of whole-body vibration training plate. J Laryngol Otol. 2010;124(7):796-798. doi:10.1017/S0022215109992441 pmid:20003605
  31. Theil D, Arbusow V, Derfuss T, Strupp M, Pfeiffer M, Mascolo A, Brandt T. Prevalence of HSV-1 LAT in human trigeminal, geniculate, and vestibular ganglia and its implication for cranial nerve syndromes. Brain Pathol. 2001;11(4):408-413.
  32. Jeong SH, Kim HJ, Kim JS.Vestibular neuritis. Semin Neurol. 2013;33(3):185-194. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1354598
  33. Karlberg M, Hall K, Quickert N, Hinson J, Halmagyi GM.What inner ear diseases cause benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Acta Otolaryngol. 2000;120(3):380-385.
  34. Roberts RA, Gans RE, Kastner AH, Listert JJ. Prevalence of vestibulopathy in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo patients with and without prior otologic history. Int J Audiol. 2005;44(4):191-196.
  35. Balatsouras DG, Koukoutsis G, Ganelis P, Economou NC, Moukos A, Aspris A, Katotomichelakis M. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo secondary to vestibular neuritis. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014;271(5):919-924. doi:10.1007/s00405-013-2484-2
  36. Lee NH, Ban JH, Lee KC, Kim SM. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo secondary to inner ear disease. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2010;143(3):413-417. doi:10.1016/j.otohns.2010.06.905
  37. Taura A, Funabiki K, Ohgita H, Ogino E, Torii H, Matsunaga M, Ito J. One-third of vertiginous episodes during the follow-up period are caused by benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in patients with Meniere's disease. Acta Otolaryngol. 2014;134(11):1140-1145. doi:10.3109/00016489.2014.936624
  38. Manzari L. Enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA) related with recurrent benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). Med Hypotheses. 2008;70:61-65. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2007.04.032
  39. Paparella MM. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and other vestibular symptoms in Ménière disease. Ear Nose Throat J. 2008;87:562.
  40. Balatsouras DG, Ganelis P, Aspris A, Economou NC, Moukos A, Koukoutsis G.Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo associated with Meniere's disease: epidemiological, pathophysiologic, clinical, and therapeutic aspects. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2012;121(10):682-688.
  41. Kim CH, Shin JE, Park HJ, Koo JW, Lee JH. Concurrent posterior semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in patients with ipsilateral sudden sensorineural hearing loss: is it caused by otolith particles? Med Hypotheses. 2014;82(4):424-427. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2014.01.015
  42. Pal'chun VT, Guseva AL, Levina YuV, Chistov SD. The specific clinical features of acute sensorineural loss of hearing associated with vertigo. Vestn Otorinolaringol. 2016;1(81):8-12. (In Russ.).
  43. Walther LE, Wenzel A, Buder J, Blödow A, Kniep R. Gentamicin-induced structural damage of human and artificial (biomimetic) otoconia. Acta Otolaryngol. 2014;134(2):111-117. doi:10.3109/00016489.2013.849384
  44. Johnsson LG, Wright CG, Preston RE, Henry PJ. Streptomycin-induced defects of the otoconial membrane. Acta Otolaryngol. 1980;89:401-406.
  45. Takumida M, Zhang DM, Yajin K, Harada Y. Formation and fate of giant otoconia of the guinea pig following streptomycin intoxication. Acta Otolaryngol. 1997;117:538-544
  46. Baloh RW, Honrubia V. Childhood onset of benign positional vertigo. Neurology. 1998;50(5):1494-1496.
  47. Ishiyama A, Jacobson KM, Balow RW. Migraine and benign positional vertigo. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2000;109(4):377-380.
  48. Uneri A. Migraine and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: an outcome study of 476 patients. Ear Nose Throat J. 2004;83(12):814-815.
  49. Lee H, Lopez I, Ishiyama A, Baloh RW. Can migraine damage the inner ear? Arch Neurol. 2000;57(11):1631-1634. doi:10.1001/archneur.57.11.1631
Contact the author
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.

Email Confirmation

An email was sent to test@gmail.com with a confirmation link. Follow the link from the letter to complete the registration on the site.

Email Confirmation

Contact us
If you have any questions, complaints or suggestions, please use this feedback form.
Email
Message
The publishing house "Media Sphere" does not provide treatment services, does not give recommendations on contacting medical institutions and specific specialists, on the prescription of medicines and dietary supplements.
Submit Application

You can become an author of one of our magazines, send a request and we will consider it in during the day.

Name
Phone
E-mail
Message
Login
Registration
E-mail
Password
Forgot Password?

Log in to the site using your account in one of the services

Password recovery
E-mail
Login
Register

We use cооkies to improve the performance of the site. By staying on our site, you agree to the terms of use of cооkies. To view our Privacy and Cookie Policy, please. click here.