Sepsis remains a leading cause of death in all age groups worldwide. Diagnosis, process monitoring, and timely appropriate treatment are all that are a fairly complex problem due to the heterogeneity of the disease itself. Diagnostic biomolecular markers could greatly simplify, accelerate, and objectify the entire healing process, from diagnosis and process monitoring to verification and timely correction of therapy. Today, as a result of technological development of laboratory studies, more than 100 biological units in the general concept of systemic inflammation and infection are being studied as diagnostic markers. The nature of sepsis still remains a mystery.