The article considers the issues surrounding the high rate of cesarean sections, including their impact on demographic indicators (birth rate, maternal and perinatal mortality), the reproductive health of the female population, the mental health of the next generation (of children extracted surgically), and the experience of obstetricians and gynecologists. The article also deals with the moral, ethical and legal aspects of this global phenomenon. The negative consequences, both immediately after birth and later in life, that can be faced by people who are born by cesarean section are identified. The authors state that there is no direct correlation between the rate of cesarean sections and perinatal mortality, since in a review of perinatal mortalities the main cause is prenatal death of the fetus, which leaves out the question of the method of delivery. In order to reduce the overall rate of abdominal deliveries, it is first necessary to reduce the rate of first-time cesarean sections by improving the skills of obstetricians and gynecologists, starting in medical school. There is also a need to reform medical insurance so as to limit restrictions on the use of more expensive methods of surgical delivery, and to create legislation to protect obstetricians who assume responsibility for high-risk, emergency deliveries.